Suchergebnisse

Claims of sexual violence against female conscripts by military commanders abound in the Eritrean national service (ENS). Hitherto there has been no attempt to subject these claims to rigorous empirical scrutiny. This article is a partial attempt to fill the gap. Using data collected through snowball sampling from 190 deserters (51 females and 139 males) in the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Norway, South Africa, Kenya and Sweden, supplemented by data from systematically selected key informants, it examines the extent to which female conscripts serving in the ENS are subjected to sexual violence and harassment by their commanders. The extensive data based on the perceptions and experiences of respondents who served on average about six years before deserting; imply that sexual abuse is rampant in the ENS

Identifies problems that have prejudicially affected the provision of livestock to Eritrean refugees returning from Sudan, arguing that most of them would have been avoided had a participatory planning approach been adopted both in the country of asylum & origin. The planning process would have been greatly facilitated if the Commissioner's Office for Refugees & UN High Commission for Refugees in Sudan had collected data prior to the refugees' departure on their choice of destination; planned economic activities, including expected level of livestock dependency; occupational backgrounds; & family size & labor availability. Most of the problems would also have been avoided if the agencies such as the Ministry of Agriculture & the Eritrean Rehabilitation & Refugee Commission had involved the returnees in the planning process. An important insight gained from this particular experience is that the role of outsiders, including governments, should be limited to increasing the options open to returnees & facilitating their choices to enhance opportunities for construction of sustainable livelihoods in areas of return. 5 Tables, 29 References. Adapted from the source document.