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This is the views of editors.

This paper focuses on my perception and memories of Professor Gregory Maskarinec, who passed away on June 16, 2022, at 71. Professor Maskarinec was a member of the International Advisory Board of the Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology. He was also an author, reviewer, and financial endower. This paper discusses how Professor Maskarinec contributed to promoting journal publication and knowledge dissemination in the field of social sciences in Nepal. The paper aims to highlight the author's perception of devotion to the production and sharing of knowledge, encouragement and promotion to young scholars, and generosity for knowledge production and sharing. Despite limited interactions, I observed some crucial points that I could highlight about his nature and worldview. The information presented here is from my observation, exchanged emails, interviews, papers, field notes, and contributions to the Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology. Professor Maskarinec has shown big lessons and a path for social sciences research scholars. He taught us the importance of having contact with the research subjects. I admire the simplicity of his life and his harmonious relationship with people of different social, cultural, linguistic, and religious identities. These behaviors are based on the cultural relativism that Professor Maskarinec possessed. I strongly felt that Professor Maskarinec was observing his death closely. As he noticed he was dying soon from cancer, he focused his valuable time on the most important spiritual actions. Maskarinec was familiar with Nepali customs and rituals that can be performed before and after the final departure of life. In my understanding, a financial endowment he provided to the Dhaulagiri Journal was a part of the ritual of dan (donation). He had also requested his close friend to perform rituals at Pasupati temple in Nepal. The conclusion is that we must follow a scholarly path, which is deeply engaged with the topics and subjects and respectfully committed to knowledge sharing.

Editorial note.

No Abstract Available.

This is a happy moment for us to present Volume 12 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology to our respected readers. As this volume is the 12th, we have changed the size and layout of our Journal to make it standard size and reduce the paper waste during the printing process. We hope, you like it. Many people have contributed in different aspects of publishing this volume. We would also like to inform to our reader that this Journal is indexed in DOAJ and Ebscohost. The journal is also ranked by the Journal Publishing Practices Standard and awarded 'One Star'. We most work hard and sincerely to achieve higher ranking in coming volumes.
We would like to offer our deep respect to Prof. Gregory Marskarnec who has contributed NPR. 10,000 (Ten Thouand Rupees) for printing of this volume. We are delighted with the work of wonderful reviewers, who supported and encouraged both authors and editorial team to improve and make appropriate judgement to the submitted papers. Without their rigorous work we would not have been able to bring this journal in this form. We would like to express our heartfelt thanks and sincere gratitude to all valuable reviewers: Rajendra Raj Timilsina, Janak Rai, Jiban Mani Paudel, Madhav Pokhrel, Ganga Ram Gautam, Dan Raj Regmi, Sushant Acharya, Sadruddin Bahadur Qutoshi, Prem Bahadur Bhandari, Jhakendra Bahadur Gharti, Jailab Rai, Madhu Giri, Anita Sherestha, Madhusudan Subedi, Man Bahadur Khattri, Rishikesh Pandey, Binod Pokhrel, Jaganath Adhikari, Madan Kumar Rimal, Dilli Raj Sharma, and Gyanu Chhetri. We must not forget to thank Sioux Cumming at INASP who has been very co-operative throughout the online publishing proceses. Similarly, we would like to express our sincere thanks to Netralal Neupane and Tika Ram Sapkota for their time and hard effort for proof reading.

We are happy to present Volume 11 to our dear readers. Many people have contributed in many different aspects in editorial processes. Besides International Advisory Board members we are able to nominate five editors from different institutions and individuals. Their valuable presence in our journal certainly helps building trust, wider visibility and commitment for quality editing and publication. We are delighted with the work of wonderful reviewers, who supported and encouraged us to work further. Without their rigorous work we would not be able to bring this journal in this form. We would like to express our heartfelt thanks and sincere gratitude to all valuable reviewers: Prem Bhandari, Om Gurung, Ram Bahadur Chhetri, Chudamani Basnet, Rajendra Raj Timilsina, Janak Rai, Yogendra Bahadur Gurung, Youba Raj Luitel, Madhu Giri, Chitra Bahadur Budathoki, Madhusudan Subedi, Man Bahadur Khattri, Bishow Bandhu Adhikari, Prakash Prasad Sapkota, Rishikesh Pandey, Binod Pokhrel, Jagan Nath Adhikari, Anita Sherestha, and Mina Uprety. Similarly, we would like to express sincere thanks to Netralal Neupane, Janak Paudel, Tilak Prasad Kandel, Prakash Sharma, Kamal Sharma for their time and hard effort for proof reading.

Acknowledgements.

In this article, I have discussed how can we analyze an adventurous and fantasy Novel like "Life of Pi" from human ecological perspective. Knowledge is generated and applied in diverse spatial and temporal contexts, which has varied implication to individuals, households, communities, and human kind as a whole. The implication confines not only to human being would be equally implicate to the surrounding of biotic and abiotic elements. The human ecological knowledge of "Life of Pi" is one of such case. The early life of Mr. Pi and his social educational background had great implication on his later academic life, thinking, acting and feeling as well as for livelihood. How diversity plays a great role in our perception and creates beautify of life around us? The difference between 'knowing how' and 'knowing that' is felt by people of different socio-economic background. Knowing how is more relevant in the context of practical or empirical knowledge. Knowing that is a formal informed knowledge with little connotation of empirical understanding. Combination of both types of knowledge is important in human ecological analysis. In this article I have tried to explore complex connectivity in relation with human being, diverse animal's world, and landscape relation from human ecological perspective which can be vividly locate in the Novel.

This paper focuses on cultural analysis and how people are coping with new situation created by climate change in production of millet. Changes relating to climate change are observed; perceived and understood on a local level. This is an important area of study for anthropologists and it is interest of climate scientists as well. This paper is based on anthropological analysis on climate change effects on finger millet production in Argal VDC of Baglung district, West of Nepal. Millet is a staple food of people of Argal and most of Hill people of Nepal. Millet is not only staple food and associated with nutrition of people. It's also associated with rituals during production and as well as during consumption. Increasing temperature, changing rainfall patterns, extreme weather events are linked with climate change which has direct effect on life of all people but also millet production and ritual activities. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/dsaj.v6i0.8481 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol. 6, 2012 107-124

The PDF of this file is 2,357 kbytes in size and therefore will take a long time to download if you click on the PDF link below. If you would like the file to be sent to you by email, please send a request to info@nepjol.info. Please include the citation below in your request. DOI: 10.3126/opsa.v8i0.1123Occasional Papers in Sociology and Anthropology Vol.8 2003 p.88-104

The purpose of this article is to discuss some important aspects involved while writing an article to publish in a scientific journal. This is a review article. I argue that writing an article is technical as well as creative art of an author which facilitates acceptance of article for publication in a scientific journal. Academicians are obliged to conduct research and publish articles to demonstrate their job efficiency. To publish an article in a scientific journal is the first necessary condition to meet standard norms i.e. journal's guideline for authors and the next is to follow the editing processes of the journal. Writing an article for printed version is becoming an old fashion. Therefore, authors need to learn how to submit a scholarly written article online and follow review processes. Writing and publishing of a scientific article is not only important for individuals and specific scientific community, it is also important to the wider society which helps to enhance stock of knowledge, and sharing and learning culture. Key words: Online publication; author aid; open access; copy editing; peer review DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v3i0.2787 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.3 2009 185-196

In this article I have looked the relationships of inter-ethnic and inter-ecological gradients, which mediated by social-cultural mechanism i.e. ista mitra (fictive kin relationship). Ista has played role to with local production and different socio-cultural of two different ecological setting. It tries to demonstrate how socio-cultural processes transform when rice gets closer market access. The ethnographic data suggest to argue that fictive kin relationship is caused by the multiple uses of rice began in Argal. Similarly, social and geographical relationships are developed on the basis of cultural institution like kinship; but its limitation varies according to culture of an ethnic group. I argue that not only the state rules and regulations, market system but also with the internal changes brought the present social cultural system in Argal.DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v1i0.276Dhaulagiri Vol.1 (2005) pp.67-86

This paper aims to explore how gifts are connected with the sanskars, rites of transition or rite of passage. I have discussed how gifts are connected culturally in the context of rites of transitions, in order to systematically search for the different contexts that influence those who act out these events, where people are obliged to give gift as well as oblige to receive, if one does not receive it becomes insult of giver and develops conflicting relationship. Giving gift in this context follows the generalized reciprocity, and flows in a certain direction, but its latent meaning is to keep strong social bond between kin groups and ancestors. Obligation for giving gift and return are closely associated with distance of kinship. Gift is obliged to give and receive sometimes not necessarily return immediately, which also depends upon kin ties. Most obligatory gift should be made to sister and their children. Rites of passage is not only associated with liminality and unstructure social status also with flow of gift. Giving gift in ritual context is to avoid inauspiciousness. Important dimension of gift giving, receiving and returning all are matter of morality, honor, and prestige. Rituals and women are medium of exchange of gift. In general gifts and forms, material condition and social relation of exchange are linked to kinship rank and in the context of ritual. Keywords: reciprocity; Argali Magars; sanskar; rituals; morality DOI: 10.3126/dsaj.v4i0.4516 Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.4 2010 pp.111-128

In Nepal, social inclusion, ethnic identity, positive discrimination and proportional representation being burning issues now. Ethnic identity is a vital element of discussion for social inclusion, positive discrimination and proportional representation. Assertion on ethnic identity, seeks recognition from concerned institutions, practices traditions and advocates their ethnic right on socio-economic and political power. These issues are intrinsically linked to national integration. To be sure, very little attention is paid toward ancestral monuments of the past. Monuments vary by their size, pattern, investment, management, and range of dissemination. Local level monuments have little possibility to attract the attention of people of various places and interest, unless they have becomes extraordinary significance. In order to understand monumentality in wider social context, it is very important to look at the village level society. Monument building in Nepal has been linked to culture, history, religion, ethnic identity as well as social system. Argal VDC of Baglung district of Nepal represent with multi-ethnic/caste setting that has high influence over the nature of monument and the rituals performed. In multiethnic setting economic, social, and political activities co-exist, each nourishing the other.Key Words: Ethnicity, Argali Magars, Intra-ethnic relation, Magars, Monuments, National Integrity, NepalDOI = 10.3126/dsaj.v2i0.1359Dhaulagiri Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.2 pp.101-120