Suchergebnisse

Chronicling the emergence of deeply embedded notions of black people as a dangerous race of criminals by explicit contrast to working-class whites and European immigrants, this fascinating book reveals the influence such ideas have had on urban development and social policies.

The history of the U.S. criminal justice system is marked by racial inequality and sustained by present day policy. Large racial and ethnic disparities exist across the several stages of criminal legal processing, including in arrests, pre-trial detention, and sentencing and incarceration, among others, with Black, Latino, and Native Americans experiencing worse outcomes. The historical legacy of racial exclusion and structural inequalities form the social context for racial inequalities in crime and criminal justice. Racial inequality can drive disparities in crime, victimization, and system involvement.Reducing Racial Inequality in Crime and Justice: Science, Practice, and Policy synthesizes the evidence on community-based solutions, noncriminal policy interventions, and criminal justice reforms, charting a path toward the reduction of racial inequalities by minimizing harm in ways that also improve community safety. Reversing the effects of structural racism and severing the close connections between racial inequality, criminal harms such as violence, and criminal justice involvement will involve fostering local innovation and evaluation, and coordinating local initiatives with state and federal leadership.This report also highlights the challenge of creating an accurate, national picture of racial inequality in crime and justice: there is a lack of consistent, reliable data, as well as data transparency and accountability. While the available data points toward trends that Black, Latino, and Native American individuals are overrepresented in the criminal justice system and given more severe punishments compared to White individuals, opportunities for improving research should be explored to better inform decision-making

Frontmatter -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- A Note on Language -- Foreword -- Excerpts -- Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination (1992) -- Soul by Soul: Life Inside the Antebellum Slave Market (2000) -- Violence over the Land: Indians and Empires in the Early American West (2006) -- Southern Horrors: W omen and the Politics of Rape and Lynching (2009) -- Freedom Struggles: African Americans and World War I (2009) -- The Condemnation of Blackness: Race, Crime, and the Making of Modern Urban America (2010) -- Seeing Patients: Unconscious Bias in Health Care (2011) -- Bengali Harlem and the Lost Histories of South Asian America (2013) -- Lines of Descent: W. E. B. Du Bois and the Emergence of Identity (2014) -- From the War on Poverty to the War on Crime: The Making of Mass Incarceration in Amer i ca (2016) -- Dark Ghettos: Injustice, Dissent, and Reform (2016) -- Bound in Wedlock: Slave and Free Black Marriage in the Nineteenth Century (2017) -- The Fateful Triangle: Race, Ethnicity, Nation (2017) -- The Color of Money: Black Banks and the Racial Wealth Gap (2017) -- The Chinese Must Go: Vio lence, Exclusion, and the Making of the Alien in America (2018) -- The Injustice Never Leaves You: Anti- Mexican Vio lence in Texas (2018) -- The Privileged Poor: How Elite Colleges Are Failing Disadvantaged Students (2019) -- Hattiesburg: An American City in Black and White (2019) -- Marking Time: Art in the Age of Mass Incarceration (2020) -- Being Property Once Myself: Blackness and the End of Man (2020) -- Notes -- Credits