Iranian Press Update
In: Middle East report: Middle East research and information project, MERIP, Heft 212, S. 38
23 Ergebnisse
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In: Middle East report: Middle East research and information project, MERIP, Heft 212, S. 38
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 27, Heft 34, S. 42600-42610
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Sage open, Band 10, Heft 2
ISSN: 2158-2440
Inasmuch as the fact that writing is a cognitively demanding task and as a step toward overcoming some of the barriers English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners face during writing performance, this study attempted to investigate Iranian EFL learners' perceptions toward the most common writing difficulties. To this end, 120 Iranian EFL learners from Golestan University, Iran, filled out a reliable and validated questionnaire. The results of the questionnaire and the semi-structured interviews ( N = 24) revealed that most of the participants agreed that for teaching grammar and punctuation, they should be embedded in a context and be integrated with the four skills. They also believed that teachers should use punctuation appropriately in their writings themselves and teach them to students explicitly. Besides, it was believed that through using mnemonics, students can better learn words spelling. The results of the interviews revealed grammar, spelling, punctuation, choice of words, organization, and familiarity with genres and rhetorical structures, negative transfer from Persian to English, and idiomatic expressions and collocations are the other factors that make the writing task difficult. Based on the students' perceptions, the findings of this study can inform English language teachers to teach grammar, punctuation, and spelling by contextualizing them in an appropriate context, and they offer some practical implications for teachers, learners, material developers, and curriculum designers in this regard.
SSRN
Working paper
In: Plant Nutrition, S. 834-835
In: AI and ethics, Band 2, Heft 4, S. 539-551
ISSN: 2730-5961
AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) is being increasingly applied in healthcare. The expansion of AI in healthcare necessitates AI-related ethical issues to be studied and addressed. This systematic scoping review was conducted to identify the ethical issues of AI application in healthcare, to highlight gaps, and to propose steps to move towards an evidence-informed approach for addressing them. A systematic search was conducted to retrieve all articles examining the ethical aspects of AI application in healthcare from Medline (PubMed) and Embase (OVID), published between 2010 and July 21, 2020. The search terms were "artificial intelligence" or "machine learning" or "deep learning" in combination with "ethics" or "bioethics". The studies were selected utilizing a PRISMA flowchart and predefined inclusion criteria. Ethical principles of respect for human autonomy, prevention of harm, fairness, explicability, and privacy were charted. The search yielded 2166 articles, of which 18 articles were selected for data charting on the basis of the predefined inclusion criteria. The focus of many articles was a general discussion about ethics and AI. Nevertheless, there was limited examination of ethical principles in terms of consideration for design or deployment of AI in most retrieved studies. In the few instances where ethical principles were considered, fairness, preservation of human autonomy, explicability and privacy were equally discussed. The principle of prevention of harm was the least explored topic. Practical tools for testing and upholding ethical requirements across the lifecycle of AI-based technologies are largely absent from the body of reported evidence. In addition, the perspective of different stakeholders is largely missing.
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 26, Heft 7, S. 6424-6435
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 30, Heft 12, S. 34306-34318
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 45, S. 68564-68581
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Middle East report: MER ; Middle East research and information project, MERIP, Band 39, Heft 1/250, S. 10-60
ISSN: 0888-0328, 0899-2851
World Affairs Online
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 31, Heft 28, S. 41301-41301
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 31, Heft 13, S. 19595-19614
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 30, Heft 32, S. 79402-79422
ISSN: 1614-7499
In: Environmental science and pollution research: ESPR, Band 29, Heft 36, S. 54150-54166
ISSN: 1614-7499