Suchergebnisse

La recherche du bien-être social a suscité I'émergence de diverses activités anthropiques dans I'Arc Cuprifere Katangais (A.C.K.), notamment I'exploitation miniere qui a entrainé une régression importante de sa couverture forestiére. Cette étude a analysé la fragmentation forestiére dans l'A.C.K. de 2002 á 2015, á partir des mailles de 10 km x 10 km sur base des mosaïques d'images Landsat classifées. Les indices de structure spatiale ont permis de révéler une déforestation importante, mais aussi une reforestation dans une moindre mesure. Les forêts de l'A.C.K. sont caractérisées par une dispersion spatiale importante qui s'est amplifiee avec le temps. Pendant que la deforéstation reste largement causee par le développement agricole, la consommation de bois-énergie, I'urbanisation et les activités miniéres, la privatisation de certaines concessions, I'inaccessibilité et I'eloignement aux grandes agglomérations expliquent la reforestation qui est principalement observée dans certaines mailles au Sud-Est et á I'Ouest. Toutefois, la menace d'anthropisation plane sur ces forêts en régénération tant que les exploitants miniers, agriculteurs et charbonniers resteront en exercice de leurs activités. © 2018 Agri-Overseas.The social welfare search has led to the emergence of various anthropogenic activities in the Katangese Copper Belt (K.C.B.), including mining, which has led to a significant decline in its forest cover. This study analyzed the forest fragmentation in the K.C.B. from 2002 to 2015, using a 10 km x 10 km grid overlaid on a mosaic of classified Landsat images. Pattern metrics highlighted a significant deforestation as well as a lesser extent reforestation. The K.C.B. forest are characterized by a high spatial dispersal which increased over time. The forest degradation is largely caused by agricultural development. The reforestation observed in some south-east and south-west grids is explained by factors like the energy wood consumption, the urbanization and the mining activities, the privatization of some concessions, their inaccessibility and/or remoteness to large cities. However, anthropization endangers these regenerating forests, as long as miners, farmers and charcoal producers remain in activity. © 2018 Agri-Overseas. ; Peer reviewed

The socio-economic development resulting from the emergence of the mining sector in the Democratic Republic of the Congo causes significant changes in the natural ecosystems. The objective of this study was to evaluate, the deforestation patterns in the Katangese Copper Belt (K.C.B.) caused by the proliferation of mining sites and urban areas using the Landsat images of 2002 and 2015. A 10 km x 10 km square grid was applied to calculate landscape metrics for forest pattern analysis. The results obtained within the K.C.B. show that, the relative area of forests decreases from 49% to 42% between 2002 and 2015. Most squares are characterized by an increase in the number of forest patches and by a reduction of the forest area. Dissection was identified as the dominant spatial transformation process governing the forest cover dynamics. Other processes observed related to anthropogenic effects in landscapes were the suppression and the fragmentation. Aggregation, creation and enlargement dominate those squares situated in private concessions or in which forest conservation initiatives are developed. A link between the overall forest cover declining and the development the urban areas and the mining sites has been mapped. This study can serve as a conceptual framework for the application of policies oriented towards a more sustainable conservation of the Katangese forests, hence inversing the current trends. ; Peer reviewed

This study assessed the spatial-temporal dynamics of green spaces in response to urban growth for the seven municipalities of Lubumbashi city, Democratic Republic of the Congo between, 1989 and 2014. Pattern analysis revealed that since 1989, the built-up proportion has gradually increased in all municipalities at the expense of green space area as a result of rapid demographic pressure coupled with a lack of an appropriate program for their preservation. In terms of pattern dynamics, green space extent has been dominated by attrition, fragmentation and dissection processes. This is opposed to creation and aggregation which characterized built-up areas. Our observations emphasize the need for a sustainable management of green spaces that takes into account the socio- economic context of each municipality. ; Peer reviewed