Suchergebnisse

In natural resource management, it is necessary to group regions based on the similarity of their spatial and non-spatial characteristics, to efficiency and effectiveness Therefore, this study describes the re-grouping of the twelve island clusters established by the provincial government of Maluku into more homogeneous classes. The re-grouping was carried out based on the biophysical conditions of the regions, therefore, it could be used as the basis for determining the forest management units. The results showed that the twelve designated island clusters could be simplified to eight more homogeneous island clusters with 86.4% accuracy and 82.2 validation. It also showed that there were thirteen significant changes in the grouping of clusters of the island, including the horticultural crop area (Bf) and horticultural crop production (E). Moreover, when the island cluster is reclassified into 5 classes, the grouping would be more accurate, with 94.9% accuracy and 92.4% validation. This study concludes that there are two dominant factors in the classification of the island cluster in Maluku province namely, biophysical and social.

The objective of the study is to identify and measure the relationships among stakeholders that influence the process of policy-making in defining legality of timber from private forests. The study focuses on the policy-making process of the Ministry of Forestry Regulation P.38/Menhut-II/2009 on Standard and Guidelines for Assessment of Sustainable Forest Management Performance and Timber Legality Verification of Concessionaire or of the Private Forest License Holder as the subject that has been implemented in several private forest management units as follow: Giri Mukti Wana Tirta in Lampung, Koperasi Serba Usaha APIK in Bali, Koperasi Hutan Jaya Lestari in South East Sulawesi, and Koperasi Wana Lestari Menoreh Kulonprogo in Yogyakarta. This research used a qualitative approach and the analysis method used in this research is a modified-stakeholder analysis that developed by ODA (1995), Reitbergen et al. (1998), and Mayer (2005). The stakeholder analysis shows that the interests and influences do not consider private forest farmers as primary stakeholder during the process of policy formulation. The strong national and international interests, supported by high authority could not be influnced by the role of the NGOs and academicians. The imbalance of responsibilities, rights, and revenues that was experienced by farmers as the manager of private forest when started implementing the policy was more as burdens, it means implementation of the policy was more as burdens. Strong relationships between the Ministry of Forestry with the state as a core could not empower the relationship with private forest farmers. As result, policy assumptions cannot be implemented properly.

In the last two decades, the international community has given great attention to the issues of deforestation and degradation. In Indonesia, these issues had been a very critical as they were related to the Indonesian government's commitment in reducing greenhouse gases by 2020 through the Reducing Emission from Deforestation and forest Degradation (REDD) mechanism. This paper describes the use of low resolution satellite imagery, i.e., MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) for monitoring deforestation in Sumatra during the period of 2000-2012. The main objective of the study was to derive rapid forest and land cover change information from low resolution imageries in Sumatra between 2000 - 2012. This study used level 2 Terra MODIS (MOD13Q1) imageries, acquired in 2000, 2006 and 2012 as the main data source, where the 16-day composite imageries were derived from NASA

Specialization in agricultural systems can lead to trade-offs between economic gains and ecosystem functions. We suggest and explore a conceptual framework in which economic gains can be maximized when production activities are specialized at increasingly broader scales (from the household to the village, region or above), particularly when markets for outputs and inputs function well. Conversely, more specialization likely reduces biodiversity and significantly limits ecosystem functions. When agricultural specialization increases and moves to broader scales as a result of improved infrastructure and markets or other drivers, ecosystem functions can also be endangered at broader spatial scales. Policies to improve agricultural incomes may influence the level of specialization at different scales and thus affect the severity of the trade-offs. This paper takes Jambi province in Indonesia, a current hotspot of rubber and oil palm monoculture, as a case study to illustrate these issues. We empirically show that the level of specialization differs across scales with higher specialization at household and village levels and higher diversification towards the province level. We discuss ways to resolve trade-offs between economic gains and ecological costs, including landscape design, targeted policies, and adoption of long-term perspectives.