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Argues that nuances of coverage within the budget issue as well as the sheer amount of media coverage affect the importance assigned by the public to the budget deficit issue, 1994-96; US.

Because of historical structural barriers to their participation, minority groups have been characterized in past studies as less participatory, less efficacious, and more cynical than racial and ethnic majority voters. This study examines minority youth voters in terms of attitudes and feelings toward political candidates, channels of political information, and feelings of efficacy and cynicism through advertising experiments conducted across the United States. There was little effect on minority voter cynicism after exposure to ads, suggesting that young minorities find candidates believable, credible, and trustworthy. Peers are identified as the most significant source of information in these groups, making interpersonal communication a major change agent for young minority voters.

Much has been made of the speed and constancy of modern politics. Whether watching cable news, retweeting political posts, or receiving news alerts on our phones, political communication now happens continuously and in real time. Traditional research methods often do not capture this dynamic environment. Early studies that guided the study of political communication took place at a time when transistors and FM radio, television, and widely distributed films technologically changed the way people gained information and developed knowledge of the world around them. Now, the environment has transformed again through digital innovations. This book provides one of the first systematic assessment of real-time methods used to study the new digital media environment. It features twelve chapters--authored by leading researchers in the field--using continuous or real time response methods to study political communication in various forms. Moreover, the authors explain how viewer attitudes can be measured over time, message effects can be pin-Ưpointed down to the second of impact, behaviors can be tracked and analyzed unobtrusively, and respondents can naturally respond on their smartphone, tablet, or even console gaming system. Leading practitioners in the field working for CNN, Microsoft, and Twitter show how the approach is being innovatively used in the field. Political Communication in Real Time is a welcome addition to the growing field of interest in "big data" and continuous response research. This volume will appeal to scholars and practitioners in political science and communication studies wishing to gain new insights into the strengths and limitations of this approach. Political communication is a continuous process, so theories, applications, and cognitive models of such communication require continuous measures and methods. --

CNN's & al Jazeera's respective coverage of the US-led military actions in Afghanistan that followed the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks is compared to highlight the various frames that both networks used during news reports. It is contended that news networks frequently use government, military, & humanitarian frames when reporting news about terrorist activities. Transcripts of news stories broadcast on CNN (N = 164) & TV footage of news stories shown on al Jazeera (N = 42) were analyzed. Whereas the analysis revealed that most CNN news stories (approximately 85 %) utilized government or military frames, it is demonstrated that a majority of al Jazeera stories employed frames that illustrated the humanitarian costs of the international war against terrorism in Afghanistan. It is concluded that al Jazeera provided a form of news coverage that had not been provided by US media in previous US military incursions into the Middle East region & that such coverage of the war's humanitarian costs has enhanced al Jazeera's international legitimacy. 57 References. J. W. Parker