Suchergebnisse

Among organic contaminants, pesticides are one of the most important groups of chemicals due to their persistent character and toxicity. However, the biological systems are exposed to a complex environment in which the contaminants can interact in a synergistic/antagonistic fashion, and for this reason, the study of "chemical cocktails" is of great interest to fully understand the final biological effect. In this way, selenium is known for its antagonistic action against several toxicants. In this paper, metabolic impairments caused by the joint exposure of p,p′-dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDE) and selenium (Se) have been issued for the first time. A metabolomic workflow was applied to mice fed DDE and DDE with Se diet, on the basis of the complementary use of two organic mass spectrometric techniques, combining direct infusion mass spectrometry (DI-ESI-QqQ-TOF MS) and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The results show a good classification between the studied groups caused by about 70 altered metabolites in the liver, kidney, or brain, including the pathways of energy metabolism, degradation of phospholipidic membrane, β-oxidation, and oxidative stress, which confirm the potential of combined metabolomic platforms in environmental studies. ; This work has been supported by projects CTM2015-67902-C2-1-P and PG2018-096608 B-C21 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and P12-FQM-0442 and B10-1657 from the Regional Ministry of Economy, Innovation, Science and Employment (Andalusian Government, Spain). G.R.-M. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for a PhD scholarship (BES-2013-064501). S.R.-A. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness for a PhD scholarship (BES-2016-076364). Finally, the authors are grateful to FEDER (European Community) for financial support, Grant Nos. UNHU13-1E-1611 and UNHU15-CE-3140.