THIS ARTICLE COMPARES TWO MEASURES OF PARTY SYSTEM CHANGE, PRESENTED IN ARTICLES BY BOSE AND PEDERSEN IN THIS SAME ISSUE, BY APPLYING THEM TO DATA FROM TEN PARTY SYSTEMS. THE PROPERTIES OF THESE TWO MEASURES ARE ANALYZED; AND IT IS SUGGESTED THAT MORE ATTENTION BE GIVEN TO LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS OF PARTY SYSTEMS OVER LONGER PERIODS OF TIME.
"Today's Republican Party is hardly recognizable as the party of Lincoln, Teddy Roosevelt, and Eisenhower. Radical changes to it were sparked by presidential nominee Barry Goldwater and led by presidents Ronald Reagan, George W. Bush, and Donald Trump. It opposes big government policies around income inequalities, social inequalities, health care, the environment, and climate change, because such policies might infringe on personal freedom. Whereas in 1953, Eisenhower told Congress that Social Security was "an essential part of our economic and social life," Goldwater in 1960 wrote that its 6-percent tax "compels millions of individual to postpone until later years the enjoyment of wealth they might otherwise enjoy today." In The Republican Evolution, political scientist Kenneth Janda documents the evolution of the Republican Party's purported philosophies by considering thousands of party planks voted on during Republican National Conventions since before the Civil War. It describes the Republican Party's experience over three different historical eras. The party's illustrious Nationalism era lasted from 1860 to 1924, during which Republicans emphasized "order" over "anarchy." In their Neoliberalism era from 1928 to 1960, Republicans downplayed government, favoring the individual over the state. In 1964, the party entered an era of Ethnocentrism, demeaning national government and favoring white Christians over others. In this era, Republicans acted increasingly as a social tribe catering to their dwindling base. Today, the party operates in reverse, opposing national government while sowing sectionalism by pursuing the Democrats' old "states' rights" philosophy"--
Stability and change in the American polity -- Partisan identities -- Party organization and social groupings -- Region : once primary, now secondary -- Income : slight, steady, and increasing difference -- Urbanization : shifting effects -- Education : incremental reversal -- Religion : important and in flux -- Ethnicity : dwindling whites -- Ideology : partisan cause or partisan effect? -- Reviewing the survey data -- Baneful effects -- Donald Trump's last hurrah.
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"Different groups of Americans have different interests in politics. The Democratic and Republican parties are supposed to aggregate and articulate this interest in government after campaigning in elections. Many observers believe that both parties performed their interest aggregation and articulation functions better in the past than in the present. A Tale of Two Parties: Living Amongst Democrats and Republicans Since 1952 tackles the following objectives: How the United States society has changed over the last six decades in terms of occupation, education, regional growth, urbanization, religion, ethnicity, and ideology; Summarize how the Democratic and Republican parties have shifted over time in representing these social groups-thus differing in aggregating their interests; To indicate how the two major U.S. parties have articulated the political interests of their social bases in congressional voting in the House of Representatives over time; Assess the prospects for interest aggregation and articulation by governments over the next decade. A Tale of Two Parties: Living Amongst Democrats and Republicans Since 1952 will have a wide and enthusiastic readership among political scientists and researchers of American politics, campaigns and elections, and voting and elections"--
In: Political science quarterly: a nonpartisan journal devoted to the study and analysis of government, politics and international affairs ; PSQ, Band 139, Heft 1, S. 150-152