Suchergebnisse

Intro -- HAMAS IN THE MIDDLE EAST: A CLOSER LOOK -- HAMAS IN THE MIDDLE EAST: A CLOSER LOOK -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 HAMAS: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES FOR CONGRESS* -- Summary -- Introduction: Issues for Congress -- Overview -- Threats Hamas Poses -- Rockets and Smuggling Tunnels -- Gaza Militias and Security Forces -- Comparison with Other Middle East Terrorist Groups -- Ideology and Policies -- Overall Goals -- On Israel's Existence and the Jews -- On a Two-State Solution -- On the Use of Violence -- On Its Model for an Islamic State -- Use of Media -- Leadership and Organization -- In General -- Internal Tensions? -- In Gaza -- Popular Support -- Sources of Assistance -- Iran, Syria, and Hezbollah -- Charities and Individuals -- Possible Options for Congress -- U.S. Aid to Palestinians -- Aid to Strengthen Non-Hamas Groups and Individuals -- U.S. Security Assistance in the West Bank103 -- United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) in Gaza -- Restrictions on Aid to Hamas or PA Government Including Hamas -- U.S. Assistance to Israel to Counter Rocket Threat -- Countering Financial and Smuggling Networks -- Terrorist Designations and Legal Action -- Sanctions on Iran and Syria -- Anti-Smuggling Efforts in Egypt and Elsewhere -- Countering Hamas Media -- Addressing Hamas in a Regional Context -- Oversight -- Inclusion of Hamas in Negotiations?128 -- International Dimensions -- Conclusion -- Appendix A. Historical Background and U.S. Policy -- Pre-1987: Hamas's Emergence -- 1987-1995: Gaining Attention -- 1995-2004: Violence and International Opposition -- 2005-2006: Israel's Gaza Disengagement and the Palestinian Legislative Council Election Campaign -- 2006-2010: Confronting an Empowered Hamas -- Appendix B. Key Dates in Hamas's History -- Chronology -- Appendix C. Major Hamas Leaders