Suchergebnisse

Business/Education/Speech and Hearing Science (The Ohio State University Denman Undergraduate Research Forum) ; A public pension fund is a fund established by a government to facilitate and organize a nation's investments in retirement funds. Due to the relatively large amount of capital invested, stability of annual growth rate and risk management of public pension funds are important. After the global financial crisis in 2008, strategies of investment and risk management in global pension funds have changed. The purpose of this study is to compare excess rates of return ("α)" and investigate recent trends of investments among global pension funds before, during and after the 2008 financial crisis. My research methods include analyzing investment portfolios and annual reports of national/state pension funds in 9 different countries from 2004 to 2013: CalPERS (United States), CPPIB (Canada), AP (Sweden), NPS (South Korea), ABP (Netherlands), ATP (Denmark), GPIF (Japan), GPF (Norway), and NPRF (Ireland). When it comes to comparing excess returns, the data is sub-divided into three periods: pre-crisis (2004-2007), intra-crisis (2008-2010), post-crisis (2011-2013). My findings have shown pension funds suffering the biggest losses during the crisis also saw the strongest recovery after the crisis. Portfolio volatility was the greatest intra-crisis in comparison to pre and post-crisis. After the financial crisis, many funds have reduced investment in risky assets, such as equities, and increased investments in fixed income and alternative assets (e.g. real estate, private equities, commodities). These findings may offer better ideas of how to maintain a higher and more stable growth rate and protect pension funds from future financial crises in our financially intertwined world. ; Academic Major: Finance

Regional disparities in leisure facilities deprive residents of opportunities to participate in leisure. This study aimed to provide basic data for establishing public leisure welfare policies to reduce the leisure gap among different regions and to verify the effects of relative leisure deprivation (RLD) on the life satisfaction of Koreans, with a focus on the baby boomer generation. For this purpose, 7 items of demographic characteristics related to gender, age, marital status, job status, residence area, monthly income, and educational background, 18 items of relative leisure deprivation consisting of egoistical, resourceful, cognitive, and emotional leisure deprivation, and 5 items of life satisfaction were investigated. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 30 questions and a mobile survey was conducted in October 2020, and a total of 412 copies were used for the final analysis. The results showed that there were differences in RLD and life satisfaction depending on where the participants lived; RLD (M = 3.21, M = 2.95) was higher and life satisfaction (M = 3.36, M = 3.72) was lower in rural areas, as compared with urban areas. Second, baby boomers' RLD had a negative effect (β = −0.5391, p < 0.001) on life satisfaction. Third, the place of residence moderated (β = 0.5240, p < 0.001) the relationship between RLD and life satisfaction; a higher RLD led to a lower level of life satisfaction for baby boomers living in rural areas (95% CI: −0.7369~−0.3413), whereas the RLD of those in urban areas did not affect their life satisfaction. Therefore, central or local governments must effectively narrow the regional gap through a balanced distribution of leisure resources to remote and underdeveloped environments, thereby minimizing the RLD of citizens and seeking improvement in life satisfaction. Finally, the part that the psychological aspect of the individual study was not considered due to the limitations of quantitative research suggests the direction of subsequent research.

This paper considers ethno-racial differences in political trust, which leading scholars see as one of the two key dimensions of social cohesion in Canada. I compare trust among eight ethno-racial groupings: British, French, "Canadians," other Europeans, Aboriginal Peoples, visible minorities, mixed-origins respondents, and all others. Building from the concepts of "social distance" and "social boundaries," I test three sets of factors for explaining ethno-racial differences in trust: (1) three ethno-cultural "markers" – religion, language, and immigration status; (2) two socioeconomic influences –education and income; and (3) two social engagement indicators – voluntary association activity and ethnic diversity of friendships. Models also include controls for region, age, and gender. Using data from the 2008 General Social Survey, I find that, compared to more established groups like the British, two of the three most culturally distinctive minorities – visible minorities and French respondents – express higher political trust. Nevertheless, the third key minority community in the analysis - Aboriginal Peoples - exhibit lower political trust than all of the other groups. The findings suggests that some minorities, when treated or perceived by others as different or distant from the "mainstream," may see government agencies as defending their minority rights and interests against discrimination. Aboriginal Peoples are a major exception to this conclusion, however. This underscores their unique position in Canada as the country's original inhabitants, who have long endured processes of discrimination, exclusion, and racism that have influenced their trust in major government institutions.

Purpose: The current study aimed to investigate the effects of a trauma recovery program named the "My Special Program for Acute Burn Survivors (SPA)" program in Korean burn patients. Methods: This was a randomized pretest-posttest control group study that included patients with an acute burn injury. Participants in the intervention group ( n = 42) completed the "SPA" program, whereas those in the control group ( n = 43) received standard care. Participants completed baseline and follow-up measures that assessed perceived stress, psychological distress, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Results: The results for perceived stress revealed a statistically significant change regardless of assigned group. For psychological distress, there was an interaction effect of time and condition in terms of the anxiety subscale only. The findings for PTSD revealed a statistically significant decrease in the total PTSD score for the intervention group only. Conclusion: The current study suggests that SPA interventions may help alleviate and prevent negative outcomes among burn patients.

The accuracy of estimated stability and control derivatives of a light aircraft from flight test data were evaluated. The light aircraft, named ChangGong-91, is the first certified aircraft from the Korean government. The output error method, which is a maximum likelihood estimation technique and considers measurement noise only, was used to analyze the aircraft responses measures. The multi-step control inputs were applied in order to excite the short period mode for the longitudinal and Dutch-roll mode for the lateral-directional motion. The estimated stability/control derivatives of Chan Gong-91 were analyzed for the assessment of handling qualities comparing them with those of similar aircraft. The accuracy of the flight derivative estimates derived from flight test measurement was examined in engineering judgment, scatter and Cramer-Rao bound, which turned out to be satisfactory with minor defects.

Regional disparities in leisure facilities deprive residents of opportunities to participate in leisure. This study aimed to provide basic data for establishing public leisure welfare policies to reduce the leisure gap among different regions and to verify the effects of relative leisure deprivation (RLD) on the life satisfaction of Koreans, with a focus on the baby boomer generation. For this purpose, 7 items of demographic characteristics related to gender, age, marital status, job status, residence area, monthly income, and educational background, 18 items of relative leisure deprivation consisting of egoistical, resourceful, cognitive, and emotional leisure deprivation, and 5 items of life satisfaction were investigated. The questionnaire consisted of a total of 30 questions and a mobile survey was conducted in October 2020, and a total of 412 copies were used for the final analysis. The results showed that there were differences in RLD and life satisfaction depending on where the participants lived; RLD (M = 3.21, M = 2.95) was higher and life satisfaction (M = 3.36, M = 3.72) was lower in rural areas, as compared with urban areas. Second, baby boomers' RLD had a negative effect (β = −0.5391, p < 0.001) on life satisfaction. Third, the place of residence moderated (β = 0.5240, p < 0.001) the relationship between RLD and life satisfaction; a higher RLD led to a lower level of life satisfaction for baby boomers living in rural areas (95% CI: −0.7369~−0.3413), whereas the RLD of those in urban areas did not affect their life satisfaction. Therefore, central or local governments must effectively narrow the regional gap through a balanced distribution of leisure resources to remote and underdeveloped environments, thereby minimizing the RLD of citizens and seeking improvement in life satisfaction. Finally, the part that the psychological aspect of the individual study was not considered due to the limitations of quantitative research suggests the direction of subsequent research.