Suchergebnisse

Since 1960 the fertility rate in Mexico has dropped to about 2.6 children per woman. Such changes are part of a transformation explored in this ethnographic study of generational and migration-related redefinitions of gender, marriage and sexuality in rural Mexico and among Mexicans in Atlanta

This paper presents five concepts that articulate specific processes through which political and economic factors shape sexuality, drawing on ethnographic research on changing notions of marriage, love, and sexuality conducted in migrant-exporting rural Mexico and with Mexican migrants in Atlanta and New York. The first section describes how changing beliefs about love, marriage, sexual intimacy and fidelity constitute a cultural terrain which facilitates 'vaginal marital bare backing' in rural Mexico. The paper details sexual opportunity structures; sexual geographies; the multi-sectoral production of risk (including the ways in which housing, transportation, and other policy sectors together create the 'recreation-deserts' in which many migrants live); sexual projects, and externalities as conceptual tools that articulate how political and economic factors from the meso- to the macro-level shape sexuality.

Research on how religion shapes contraceptive practices and fertility has paid insufficient attention to how people interpret religious teachings. This study draws on ethnographic fieldwork in Degollado, Mexico, to describe generational and social‐contextual differences in how women interpret and use religious doctrine to achieve their fertility desires without jeopardizing their standing as devout Catholics. Contrasting the family planning beliefs and practices of young Mexican women with those of older women (many of whom are the younger women's parents and in‐laws), in a rural town in which the religious regulation of everyday life is pervasive, reveals how a common set of religious teachings and principles can be used to guide two different generational strategies for fertility regulation. The ethnographic data presented here highlight the creativity with which people use religious frameworks to justify their behavior. Research exploring how religion—and culture more broadly—influences fertility and contraceptive use should give greater attention to the dynamic interplay between cultural beliefs and institutions, social context, and interpretive agency.

This study explores generational and migration-related changes in gender and marriage in two locations of a transnational community of Mexicans: the sending community in western Mexico and the receiving community in Atlanta. The principal method was life histories, focusing on 13 women in Atlanta and their sisters or sisters-in-law in Mexico; life history informants' mothers and husbands were also interviewed. A generational paradigm shift in marital ideals has occurred, from an ideal of respeto (respect) to one of confianza (trust), characterized by cooperative decision making, heterosociality, a less gendered division of labor in social reproduction, and a new role for marital sexuality. Although women on both sides of the frontera (border) share this companionate ideal, economic opportunities, more privacy, and some legal protection from domestic violence gave women in Atlanta more leverage to push for these companionate marriages.

"A groundbreaking study that transforms how we see and address the most misunderstood problem on college campuses: widespread sexual assault. The fear of campus sexual assault has become an inextricable part of the college experience. And for far too many students, that fear is realized. Research has shown that by the time they graduate, as many as one in three women and almost one in six men will have been sexually assaulted. But why is sexual assault such a common feature of college life? And what can be done to prevent it? Sexual Citizens provides answers. Drawing on the Sexual Health Initiative to Foster Transformation (SHIFT) at Columbia University, the most comprehensive study of sexual assault on a campus to date, Jennifer S. Hirsch and Shamus Khan present an entirely new framework that emphasizes sexual assault's social roots, transcending current debates about consent, predators in a "hunting ground," and the dangers of hooking up. Sexual Citizens is based on years of research interviewing and observing college life-with students of different races, genders, sexual orientations, and socioeconomic backgrounds. Hirsch and Khan's landmark study reveals the social ecosystem that makes sexual assault so predictable, explaining how physical spaces, alcohol, peer groups, and cultural norms influence young people's experiences and interpretations of both sex and sexual assault. Through the powerful concepts of "sexual projects," "sexual citizenship," and "sexual geographies," the authors offer a new and widely-accessible language for understanding the forces that shape young people's sexual relationships. Empathetic, insightful, and far-ranging, Sexual Citizens transforms our understanding of sexual assault and offers a roadmap for how to address it"--

Introduction / Holly Wardlow and Jennifer S. Hirsch -- Love and jewelry : patriarchal control, conjugal ties, and changing identities / Selina Ching Chan -- All's fair when love is war : romantic passion and companionate marriage among the Huli of Papua New Guinea / Holly Wardlow -- "Heart-stuck" : love marriage as a marker of ethnic identity among the Kalasha of northwest Pakistan / Wynne Maggi -- The social constructions of sexuality : companionate marriage and STD/HIV risk in a Mexican migrant community / Jennifer S. Hirsch ... [et al.] -- The role of romantic love in sexual initiation and the transition to parenthood among immigrant and U.S.-born Latino youth in East Los Angeles / Pamela I. Erickson -- Love and the risk of HIV : courtship, marriage, and infidelity in southeastern Nigeria / Daniel Jordan Smith -- "He can be sad like that" : liberdade and the absence of romantic love in a Brazilian shantytown / Jessica Gregg -- The bonds of love : companionate marriage and the desire for intimacy among Hijras in Hyderabad, India / Gayatri Reddy

En este artículo se discute cómo el muestreo etnográfico sistemático puede fortalecer la posibilidad de hacer una generalización etnográfica y ayudar a promover la comunicación interdisciplinaria. El estudio al cual se refiere este trabajo examina las diferencias en las prácticas sexuales y de salud reproductiva, así como las ideas de dos grupos de mujeres provenientes de la misma área en México: la primera generación de inmigrantes en Atlanta, y sus hermanas y amigas que permanecen en la comunidad de expulsión en el occidente de México.Se comenzará con la exposición de un estudio etnográfico sobre la sexualidad que ha utilizado este método de muestreo, para argumentar en la siguiente sección por qué el muestreo fue particularmente importante en este contexto específico de la investigación. En la siguiente sección se revisan algunas de las diferencias teóricas (y epistemológicas subyacentes) entre la manera como los demógrafos y los antropólogos eligen a los sujetos para ser entrevistados. Finalmente, la última sección comprende la construcción de una muestra etnográfica sistemática, incluyendo la descripción de algunas dificultades enfrentadas durante el proceso.