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We need a more nuanced way of looking at the relationship between globalisation and the city; a framework that can accommodate substantial differences as well as growing similarities among world metropolises and give both global integration and local distinctiveness their rightful due. I propose and illustrate one such framework in this paper, based upon the principle of nested hierarchy. In the view espoused here, cities are lodged within an interdependent world order divided among differently organised regional formations and national systems. The economic base, spatial organisation and social structure of the world's major cities are determined by the entire multi‐level configuration – global niche, regional formation, national development model, and local historical context – in which each city participates. Growing interdependence in the global whole is perfectly consistent with differentiation within and among regional, national, and city levels of the system. As constituent elements of the global order, cities both facilitate the globalisation process and follow their own, relatively autonomous trajectories.

We need a more nuanced way of looking at the relationship between globalization & the city; a framework that can accommodate substantial differences as well as growing similarities among world metropolises & give both global integration & local distinctiveness their rightful due. I propose & illustrate one such framework in this paper, based on the principle of nested hierarchy. In the view espoused here, cities are lodged within an interdependent world order divided among differently organized regional formations & national systems. The economic base, spatial organization, & social structure of the world's major cities are determined by the entire multilevel configuration -- global niche, regional formation, national development model, & local historical context -- in which each city participates. Growing interdependence in the global whole is perfectly consistent with differentiation within & among regional, national, & city levels of the system. As constituent elements of the global order, cities both facilitate the globalization process & follow their own, relatively autonomous trajectories. 48 References. Adapted from the source document.

We need a more nuanced way of looking at the relationship between globalisation and the city; a framework that can accommodate substantial differences as well as growing similarities among world metropolises and give both global integration and local distinctiveness their rightful due. I propose and illustrate one such framework in this paper, based upon the principle of nested hierarchy. In the view espoused here, cities are lodged within an interdependent world order divided among differently organised regional formations and national systems. The economic base, spatial organisation and social structure of the world's major cities are determined by the entire multi-level configuration - global niche, regional formation, national development model, and local historical context - in which each city participates. Growing interdependence in the global whole is perfectly consistent with differentiation within and among regional, national, and city levels of the system. As constituent elements of the global order, cities both facilitate the globalisation process and follow their own, relatively autonomous trajectories. (Original abstract)

In this article, central elements making up national urban policy are reviewed and evaluated critically in light of the assumptions New Federalists make about market, state, and community. It is argued that the key challenge for urban theory and urban policy in the 1980s is to reconcile economic planning with political democracy in the city.

Book reviewed in this article:Challenging capitalism on the urban terrain: Jaggi, M., Muller, R. and Schmid, S.Challenging capitalism on the urban terrain: Schecter, S.Challenging capitalism on the urban terrain: Wolf, M. and Osselin, J.