Suchergebnisse

This paper is an empirical analysis of the effects of foreign direct investment (FDI), institutional quality and the size of a government on venture capital (VC) activity. We conclude that institutional quality, the FDI and public spending have definitive importance as elements for the development of a public policy that increases the quantity and quality of venture capital fund (VCF) investment. Higher institutional quality, higher FDI and lower public spending allow the VCF investment volume to grow. The FDI shows higher level of significance in promoting investment in high-tech companies and institutional quality increases the productivity of FDI investment in the generation of VCF. Government spending dramatically and adversely affects the activity of VCF and institutional quality increases the negative effect of government spending on the activity of VCF in emerging countries. This last result suggests that the higher the institutional quality of a country, the less state intervention it requires to promote investment of VCF. The results are consistent with the hypothesis of the FDI spillover and crowding out of public spending.

In this paper the feasibility of energy saving by implementing flow regulation at constant load in feedwater pumps in a sugar industry is studied. As regulation strategy, the use of a variable speed drive in the hydraulic system is proposed. For the project evaluation, the Net Present Value and Payback Period techniques are used. Among the variables considered are the price of energy, the equipment useful life, financial data and those related to environmental impact. As a result, it was found that if only a commercial approach is considered, the energy saving strategy is profitable but not attractive, because investment is recovered in a period closeto the useful life of technology. However, if a government focus that encourages the implementation of these energies saving strategies is considered, the investment of the project recovers in a short time