Suchergebnisse

In Germany, agrivoltaic systems are not explicitly embedded in the legal framework. In order to advance the technology and thus make a contribution to the energy transition and sustainable food production, legal implementation is of great relevance. An analysis of the four sectors construction, energy, agriculture and environment presents the current state of affairs. Agrivoltaic systems are usually built in the so-called unplanned outdoor area. In many cases it is difficult to obtain a permit there, because the classification as a privileged project does not always succeed. In the planned area, the stipulation of use is associated with legal difficulties. With regard to the EEG, agrivoltaics often falls into the category of ground mounted systems and therefore is usually not eligible to receive a governmental feed-in tariff on agricultural land. The agricultural sector can recognize areas under agrivoltaic systems as eligible areas and, with the help of a detailed environmental analysis, it should be considered that at least no compensatory measures within the framework of the Eco Account Ordinance need to be created when building an agrivoltaic system. In the energy sector, an increased feed-in tariff can be achieved through certain adjustments.

IN THIS COMMENT AND REPLY, RICHARD ANDERSON CRITIQUES A PAPER BY MARGARET AND CHARLES HERMANN, WHO THEN DEFEND THEIR WORK. STEWART AND THE HERMANNS HAVE PROPOSED A THREE-LEVEL PROCESS MODEL OF FOREIGN POLICY TO EXPLAIN THE SOVIET BEHAVIOR TOWARDS EGYPT IN 1973. THEIR ANALYSIS HAS CONTINUING INTEREST BECAUSE IT INTERPRETS THE PUZZLING BEHAVIOR AS A MANIFESTATION OF GENERAL PROBLEMS OF INFORMATION PROCESSING IN MAKING FOREIGN POLICY CHOICES. ANDERSON SUGGESTS THAT A TWO-LEVEL MODEL OF DOMESTIC BARGAINING BETTER ACCOUNTS FOR THE CAUSAL SEQUENCE IN SOVIET-EGYPTIAN RELATIONS AND IS IN GENERAL MORE PARSIMONIOUS.

The accurate assessment of patient compliance is especially crucial in evaluating the efficacy of a new treatment. Because of the problems associated with parenteral desferrioxamine, the development of a safe, effective, and convenient iron chelator is of high priority. The high morbidity and mortality associated with iron overload requires careful evaluation of the ability of any new agent to promote long term effective iron chelation. Patients' compliance with an orally available chelating agent, 1,2,-dimethyl-3-hydroxypyrid-4-one (L1), that has been demonstrated to induce in vivo iron excretion equivalent to that of desferrioxamine during supervised short term administration, was examined. Compliance was assessed in seven patients by patient interview, by daily diaries reviewed monthly with each patient, and with the use of the Medication Event Monitoring System (MEMS) standard pill bottles with microprocessors in the cap that record the timing and frequency of bottle openings. L1 was dispensed in MEMS containers to the patients, who, unaware of their significance, recorded compliance using a daily diary. Overall compliance rate (% of prescribed doses taken) measured by MEMS was 88.7 +/- 6.8%. When 'doubling of doses' was accounted for, significantly poorer compliance with L1 was noted by MEMS (91.7 +/- 7.4%) than by patients' diaries (95.7 +/- 5.2%). There was no significant difference in patient compliance recorded between the first and last 30 day period of drug administration. MEMS can eliminate the confounding variable of erratic patient compliance in the evaluation of a new drug's efficacy. As MEMS cannot distinguish a missed dose from one doubled at the next bottle opening, the use of patient diaries is a useful adjunct to the accurate assessment of compliance and should be combined with the use of MEMS.