Suchergebnisse

L'auteure explore le lien entre le travail féminin et les comportements de fécondité effective des Canadiennes françaises dans deux milieux urbains contrastés au début duxxe siècle. Son texte offre un complément d'analyse aux études qui ont déjà circonscrit les mécanismes de la transition démographique au Québec par l'attention toute particulière accordée à l'articulation entre la production et la reproduction au sein des ménages à partir d'une analyse des rapports sociaux de genre et de génération. Basés sur l'exploitation des microdonnées de recensement, les résultats obtenus suggèrent que le travail rémunéré des femmes mariées et l'occupation (travail, fréquentation scolaire ou « inactivité ») des jeunes filles ont un impact significatif sur les comportements de fécondité effective des Canadiennes françaises qui vivent à Québec ou à Manchester (New Hampshire) en 1910-1911. L'intensité du phénomène est toutefois modulée par le contexte économique et social propre à chacune des deux villes.

De la littérature portant sur le veuvage et sur le remariage auxixesiècle en Occident émerge un constat général : les hommes se remariaient davantage que les femmes. Rares sont néanmoins les études analysant les facteurs déterminant cette disparité observée entre les genres. Reposant sur l'exploitation d'un corpus de données issu du jumelage des données censitaires de 1891 et de 1901 (PHSVQ, CIEQ-Laval) et des données des registres de mariages de 1890 à 1899 (BALSAC, UQAC) de la ville de Québec, notre article vise à mettre en lumière les différences de comportements, c'est-à-dire entre le fait de demeurer en état de viduité et de se remarier, en fonction du genre. À partir d'analyses de régression logistique, nos résultats mettent en évidence une forte disparité entre les genres quant à la propension au veuvage et au remariage, mais témoignent également du fait que les comportements des veufs et des veuves en matière de veuvage et de remariage s'avèrent distincts parce qu'élaborés stratégiquement dans un contexte de forte différenciation sexuelle du travail où les rôles performés par chacun des genres sont socialement déterminés.

This service record is an account of military actions during the American Civil War by veteran W. B. Harton (1840- ), dated from 1919. ; All descriptive lists and service records in this United Confederate (Civil War) Veterans manuscript collection believed to be based out of Robert E. Lee Camp #158 of the United Confederate Veterans (Fort Worth, Tex.). United Confederate Veterans. R.E. Lee Camp No. 158 (Fort Worth, Tex.) ; The Southwest Collection Manuscript Record can be accessed at the following URL: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/ttusw/00119/tsw-00119.html ; 1 leaf ; 2 pdf pages.

Staff education can improve the quality of nutrition in childcare centers, but an objective assessment of the change is necessary to assess its effectiveness. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the multicomponent educational program for improving the nutritional value of preschools menus in Poland measured by the change in nutrients content before (baseline) and 3–6 months after education (post-baseline). A sample of 10 daily menus and inventory reports reflecting foods and beverages served in 231 full-board government-sponsored preschools was analyzed twice: at baseline and post-baseline (in total 4620 inventory reports). The changes in 1. the supply of nutrients per 1 child per day; 2. the nutrient-to-energy ratio of menus; 3. the number of preschools serving menus consistent with the healthy diet recommendations, were assessed. Education resulted in favorable changes in the supply of energy, fat and saturated fatty acids. The nutrient-to-energy ratio for vitamins A, B(1), B(2), B(6), C, folate and minerals Calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and zinc increased significantly. The percentage of preschools implementing the recommendations for energy, share of fat, saturated fatty acids and sucrose as well as calcium, iron and potassium increased significantly. However, no beneficial effects of education on the content of iodine, potassium, vitamin D and folate were observed. This study indicates the potentially beneficial effect of education in optimizing the quality of the menu in preschools. However, the magnitude of change is still not sufficient to meet the nutritional standards for deficient nutrients.

Staff education can improve the quality of nutrition in childcare centers, but an objective assessment of the change is necessary to assess its effectiveness. This study evaluated the effectiveness of the multicomponent educational program for improving the nutritional value of preschools menus in Poland measured by the change in nutrients content before (baseline) and 3&ndash ; 6 months after education (post-baseline). A sample of 10 daily menus and inventory reports reflecting foods and beverages served in 231 full-board government-sponsored preschools was analyzed twice: at baseline and post-baseline (in total 4620 inventory reports). The changes in 1. the supply of nutrients per 1 child per day ; 2. the nutrient-to-energy ratio of menus ; 3. the number of preschools serving menus consistent with the healthy diet recommendations, were assessed. Education resulted in favorable changes in the supply of energy, fat and saturated fatty acids. The nutrient-to-energy ratio for vitamins A, B1, B2, B6, C, folate and minerals Calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and zinc increased significantly. The percentage of preschools implementing the recommendations for energy, share of fat, saturated fatty acids and sucrose as well as calcium, iron and potassium increased significantly. However, no beneficial effects of education on the content of iodine, potassium, vitamin D and folate were observed. This study indicates the potentially beneficial effect of education in optimizing the quality of the menu in preschools. However, the magnitude of change is still not sufficient to meet the nutritional standards for deficient nutrients.

Although the nutritional value of preschool menus largely determines the proper nutrition of attending children, their nutrient composition often does not meet the standards. The purpose of the study was to assess the nutritional value of menus served in preschools throughout Poland. We analyzed a sample of 10 daily menus and inventory reports reflecting foods and beverages served in 270 full-board government-sponsored preschools. Nutrient content was calculated per child per day, and compared with 70% of dietary reference intake (DRI) for children aged 1–3 and 4–6. The content of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates generally exceeded 70% of DRI. The amount of vitamins was correct, with the exception of vitamin D (100% of daycare centers (DCCs) were below the recommendations); in ≤3% of preschools vitamin E, folate, and niacin were below DRI. Calcium was too low in 63% of preschools for children aged 1–3 years and in 99% for 4–6-year-olds. A shortage of iodine, iron, and potassium (especially for 4–6-year-olds) was observed in a small number of preschools. Our study highlights the need for uniform legal standards of nutrition in childcare centers, based on the current recommendations for the age group.

AbstractThis article appraises kin availability and migration timing on French-Canadian child mortality in an early twentieth-century North American industrial city. The analysis is based on the exploitation of an original dataset constructed by linking the 1910 census data (IPUMS-Full Count) for Manchester, New Hampshire to Quebec Catholic marriage records (BALSAC) and geocoding census data at the household level (Sanborn Fire Insurance Maps). Our results suggest that the presence of maternal and paternal grandmothers in the city living in different households were associated with reduced child mortality and that French-Canadian women who arrived in the United States as children or young adults experienced higher child mortality compared to second-generation French Canadians and those who migrated at a later age.

Residence hall residents indicated their attitudes about recycling and their perceptions of whether friends and family believed they should recycle at the beginning and toward the end of a semester. They also reported their recycling behavior at the end of the semester. Attitudes, but not subjective norms, predicted behavior, and participants became more similar to their fellow group members in attitudes and behavior over time. Attitudes and fellow group member behavior best predicted recycling, supporting the theory of reasoned action, dynamic social impact theory, and their integration.