Suchergebnisse

Not so long ago, Senator Dirksen, Republican, and his Democrat colleague, Senator Hartke, have placed before the US Senate a complete bunch of new restrictive bills on Imports, intending to cut all Imports by laying down reduced quotas. They were to shield all the branches of the US economy that have to compete keenly in the world's markets, against the impact of cheap foreign goods. These bills came not entirely surprising, as Immediately after the Kennedy Round a number of commentators were actuated by the fear lest the agreed tariff cuts should mobilise the protectionists in the US. INTERECONOMICS had occasion to talk about new problems of American trade policy with the Commercial Attaché Harris P. Dawson.

INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION INS REQUIRED TO COMBAT STRATOSPHERIC OZONE DEPLETION, CLIMATE CHANGE AND OTHER ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES. INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL INSTITUTIONS (IEIS) ARE THE MOST SIGNIFICANT MANIFESTATION OF SUCH CO-OPERATION.THE CREATION AND EFFECTIVENESS OF IEIS ARE PROMOTED WHEN THEY CONTAIN PROVISIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL EQUITY, WHICH CAN BE DEFINED AS THE FAIR AND JUST DISTRIBUTION AMONG COUNTRIES OF BENEFITS, BURDENS AND DECISION-MAKING AUTHORITY, USUALLY WITH SPECIAL CONSIDERATION GIVEN TO POOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. EXAMPLES OF EQUITY PROVISIONS IN IEIS INCLUDE NEW AND ADDITIONAL FUNDS AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFERS ON PREFERENTIAL TERMS TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, AS WELL AS CHANGES TO INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL FUNDING MECHANISMS THAT ALLOW DEVELOPING RECIPIENT COUNTRIES TO PARTICIPATE IN DECISIONS REGARDING ALLOCATION OF FUNDS. CONSIDERATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL EQUITY WERE PROMINENT IN THE UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT AGREEMENTS AND SUGGEST THAT PROVISIONS FOR INTERNATIONAL EQUITY OUGHT TO BE A PART OF FUTURE IEIS. WHILE TRADITIONAL THEORIES OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ARE HELPFUL IN EXPLAINING AND UNDERSTANDING THIS PROCESS, FUTURE RESEARCH SHOULD ALSO LOOK AT THE IMPORTANT ROLE THAT IDEAS SUCH AS INTERNATIONAL EQUITY PLAY IN THE CREATION, EVOLUTION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF IEIS. THE PRACTICAL RESULTS MAY BE SIMULTANEOUSLY LESS GLOBAL POLLUTION AND LESS SUFFERING AMONG THE WORLD'S POOR.

THIS ARTICLE ARGUES THAT IT IS BOTH MORALLY AND PRACTICALLY NECESSARY FOR THE GOVERNMENTS AND CITIZENS OF RICH COUNTRIES TO HELP PEOPLE IN THE POOR COUNTRIES DEVELOP THEIR ECONOMIES IN A SUSTAINABLE FASHION. EVERY PERSON WHOSE BASIC NEEDS HAVE BEEN MET HAS SOME OBLIGATION TO HELP THOSE WHOSE BASIC NEEDS HAVE NOT BEEN MET. IT OFFERS PRACTICAL ARGUMENTS FOR ASSISTING THE POOR COUNTRIES THROUGH SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS, WHILE RECOGNIZING THAT THERE WILL BE MANY OBSTACLES TO REACHING THAT OBJECTIVE.

Arbeitslosigkeit, niedrige Löhne und Ausschluß von bestimmten Bereichen des Arbeitsmarktes wird dem niedrigen Ausbildungsstand der afrikanischen Arbeiter zugeschrieben. Demgegenüber hebt der Autor die institutionellen, politischen und gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen als Basis der Diskriminierung hervor. (Ra)