Suchergebnisse

In contrast to the plenitude of studies which use speeches, newspaper articles and books in presenting the Chinese state's crafting of nationalist narratives, there are few studies that use texts specifically designed for mass education. The authors conducted a content analysis of children's textbooks published by the education arm of the Communist Party of China (CPC) to reveal the narratives used to bolster its nationalism. While some of the findings are consistent with existing theories, such as portrayals of China's glorious history, claims to territory, forms of government, a foreign "other" as an enemy and economic development, key nuances emerge. The textbooks claim only Taiwan, but not other contentious areas such as Tibet, as part of China; the CPC government is described as a democracy much more than a communist state; the foreign "other" is not only an enemy, but also an endorser; and development refers not only to the country's economic gains but also to an intimate sphere created around an urban and middle-class norm. (China/GIGA)

Transistors working in complex radiation environments such as space are simultaneously irradiated by neutrons and gamma rays. But the mechanism of the synergistic radiation effect between the two rays is still unclear. Based on TCAD, the synergistic radiation effects of ionizing/displacement damage caused by mixed neutrons and gamma rays are simulated. The results demonstrate that the synergistic effects are more serious than the simple sum of the two radiation effects due to their mutual enhancement. The change of the carrier recombination rate in the device at different positions shows that the displacement effects increase the peak value of surface recombination rate; meanwhile, the ionizing dose effects enhance the recombination process in bulk silicon. The mechanism of this phenomenon is that positive charges from the oxide layer and interface enhance the recombination of carriers in bulk, and the reduced carrier lifetime caused by defects from bulk makes carriers more likely to be trapped by the interface traps. In addition, the simulation result which shows the influence of temperature on the synergistic effects indicates that the synergistic effects are more sensitive to the lower temperature.