Suchergebnisse

The prevalence of son preference indicates that girls will have less leisure time compared to boys. This study aims to examine gender differences in weekly hours in schooling, housework, and working among children in Indonesia using Tobit Model and decomposition model of Bauer & Sinning (2005), to test whether son preference explains the differences. The dataset was drawn from the fourth wave of Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) in 2007. The results show significant gender differences in housework and working for children aged 5–14 years and insignificant gender gap in schooling for both age groups. These results confirm the existence of gender differences among younger children compared to older children in their time allocation.

Using a systematic literature review, we explore fuel subsidies and consumer environmental awareness among users in urban road transport. Fuel subsidies given by the government to the public have to some extent brought them to more using own transport as the fuel cost is now cheaper. A growing number of vehicles and usage in the urban road transport sector worldwide has increased CO2 emissions and impact on environment. The misalignment of benefits from the implementation of fossil fuel subsidies and high emissions has grown attention to limit global warming since the Paris Agreement 2015 was signed. Nonetheless, consumer environmental awareness is interesting to bring forward for future research. Keywords: Fuel Subsidy, Consumer Environmental Awareness, Urban Road Transport, Systematic Literature Review eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i18.3097