Suchergebnisse

Background: Stress among university students has been a topic of interest for researchers and teachers for many years because it affects not only their academic performance but also their physiological and psychological health. Male and female students perceive and react to stressors differently due to their differences in appraising stressful situations. Aims: The aims of this study were to examine differences in the perception of stressors and reactions to stressors between male and female Jordanian university students, and to identify the best predictors of stressors among them. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional design was employed. The Student-Life Stress Inventory was used to measure stressors and reactions to stressors of 465 male and 485 female Jordanian university students recruited through stratified random sampling. Results: There were statistical differences between male and female students regarding their perception and reactions to stressors. Female students reported a higher perception of stressors in frustrations, conflict, pressures and changes, as well as emotional reactions to stressors. Male students reported higher behavioural and cognitive reactions to stressors than female students. Participation in stress workshops, perception of general health, and perception of stress level in general were found to predict stressors among male students, while mother's educational level, perception of general health, and perception of stress level in general were found to predict stressors among female students. Conclusions: This study showed that gender differences in perception of stressors and reactions to stressors are similar to previous studies conducted all over the world. Interventions can be developed to help students better cope with stress. Conducting specific stress-training programmes for male and female students will help in reducing stress levels.

Background: University students are prone to stressors due to the transitional nature of university life. High levels of stress are believed to affect students' health as well as their academic performance. Aims: The aims of this study were to identify stressors and reactions to stressors among university students, and to examine the correlations between student stressors and study variables. Methods: A correlational descriptive design was used. Student-life Stress Inventory (SSI) was used to measure the stressors and reactions to stressors. Stratified random sampling was employed to recruit participants. The final sample consisted of 877 participants (students). Results: Results indicated that the highest group of stressors experienced by students were 'self-imposed' stressors followed by 'pressures'. Cognitive responses were found to be the highest responses to stressors experienced by students. Negative correlations were found with student's perception of health, and father's and mother's level of education. Conclusions: This study revealed that stressors among university students come from 'self-imposed' stressors and 'pressures'. Stress management, assertiveness skills, time management and counselling sessions will be effective in reducing stress experienced by students.

Aims: This study aims at comparing hospitals' organizational traits and nurses and hospitals' characteristics between teaching, governmental, and private hospitals in Jordan, as perceived by Registered Nurses (RNs). Methods: The Revised Nursing Work Index (NWI-R) 1 was used to collect data from a convenience sample of 295 nurses who were employed in two teaching hospitals, four governmental hospitals, and three private hospitals. The total response rate of the current study was 59%. Findings: Significant differences were reported between the three types of hospitals in the following nurses and hospitals' characteristics: shift worked, level of education, ages, average daily census, organizational structures, models of nursing care, decision-making styles, and areas of work. Based on means of the subscales, nurses' autonomy and their control over practice settings were the highest in teaching hospitals but the lowest in private hospitals. The strongest nurse-physician relationships were in governmental hospitals but the weakest were in teaching hospitals. Organizational support for nurses was the highest in teaching hospitals but it was the lowest in private hospitals. Based on the individual items of the scale, F-tests revealed that there were significant differences between the three types of hospitals in some organizational traits. Conclusions: There should be useful managerial tools that help in developing positive organizational traits such as improving nurses' autonomy and nurses' control over practice, enhancing nurse-physician relationships, and enhancing organizational support for nurses. These are considered important traits to produce positive outcomes for nurses, patients, and organizations.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased rates of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. University students have been particularly affected by these psychological consequences due to the pandemic and its accompanying precautions. Purpose: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among Jordanian university students amid COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Data was collected through an anonymous online survey from Jordanian university students during the period from February 2022 to May 2022. The survey included a self-reported questionnaire that is composed of sociodemographic variables and the Arabic version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Results: The mean total scores for depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were 18.91, 18.04, and 20.71, respectively, indicating the presence of these psychological issues among university students during the pandemic. Psychological problems, parents being diagnosed with mental illness, living arrangements, and academic year explained 25.6% of the variation in depression symptoms. Academic year, living arrangements, specialization, GPA, and gender accounted for 25.9% of the variation in anxiety symptoms. Parents being diagnosed with mental illness, specialization, marital status, and GPA explained 22.3% of the variation in stress symptoms. Conclusion: The findings of this study have significant implications for healthcare practice, policy development, and community engagement. Implications for Nursing: Healthcare providers, including nurses, can utilize this information to develop targeted interventions tailored to address the specific mental-health needs of university students in Jordan. Policymakers can advocate for the implementation of mental-health support services within university settings, while community organizations can collaborate with educational institutions to promote mentalhealth awareness and provide accessible resources for students. By addressing the mentalhealth challenges identified in this study, stakeholders can contribute to fostering a supportive and resilient campus environment conducive to student success and well-being. Keywords: Depression, Anxiety, Stress, COVID-19, University students, Jordan