Suchergebnisse

Abstract
The article is devoted to the analysis, and introduces the publication, of one of the texts of the documentary complex 'The Verkhne-Uralsk Political Isolator Notebooks' – the 'Theses on Economic Policy' of 1933. The article (DOI: 10.1163/1569206X-00002252) covers the history of the discovery of this complex of documents reflecting the ideological and political life of imprisoned members of the Opposition of the Bolshevik Leninists (Trotskyists) in the early 1930s, and discusses the context of their creation. On the basis of archival materials, the biography of one of the authors of the Theses – the agricultural economist, and a member of the Siberian opposition centre, F.P. Sasorov – is reconstructed. It is noted that Sasorov held a special position among the Bolshevik Leninists, determined by his economic views. He belonged to the current whose adherents were called 'neo-Nepists' by their opponents. This current advocated not just a return to the NEP cancelled by Stalin, but also an expansion of its scope, and this position is presented and argued for in the 'Theses on Economic Policy'. A comparison of the views of Sasorov and his co-author G.A., stated in the Theses, including on the explanation of the crisis and the liquidation of the NEP, the policy of out-and-out collectivisation and forced industrialisation, with the views of Leon Trotsky, allows us to conclude that the thought of the imprisoned oppositionists developed independently, and not always in accordance with the guidelines of their exiled thought leader. The article also examines the forecasts of the development of the economic and socio-political situation in the USSR presented in the Theses.

The article considers the short staying of stay of the commander of the "Saint Ianuarius" ship, captain Ivan Borisov, on the Greek island of Samos in 1771. during the Russian-Turkish War of 1769–1774. The Russian naval forces were on the island for only about a month. But, thanks to the report of the ship commander preserved in the Russian State Naval Archives, we have the opportunity to analyze the social relations of the local villages among each other, as well as evaluate their attitude towards the Russian naval forces. The cited document shows that with apparent sympathy for Russia, there was no uniform opinion as regards whether to accept the patronage of the Russian Empire and whether to enter into open confrontation with Istanbul, in whose power they were. One part of the island's population, including the clergy, had a conservative position and did not want to disrupt the more or less stable relations established with the Ottoman Empire. The other part was strongly opposed to such a position and persistently asked Borisov, as a representative ofthe Russian government, to take them as [Russian] subjects despite the threat of the punitive measures from Turkey in the future. That micro-narrative could be partially applied to the Greek people on the whole. Within that picture, the nature of such contradictory things becomes more clearly visible: on the one hand, it was the readiness of the Greeks to participate in the war on the Russian side, on the other – the failed uprising in the Peloponnese and the Russian ruling elite's lack of understanding of the reasons of that failure.

The stratigraphy of the Kerch-Taman region has been refined by the foraminiferal assemblages from the clay pulp of the Semigorsky, Andrusova, and Borukh-Oba mud volcanoes. By comparison with the fauna from the reference section of the Paleogene along the river Belaya (Republic of Adygea) deposits of the Middle Eocene (Circassian, Kuma formations of the Lutetian and Bartonian) were revealed. Deposits of lower Oligocene (Pshekh Formation, Rupelian Stage), confirmed by finds of remains of pteropods. Middle Miocene (Konkian and Sarmatian stages of the Eastern Paratethys regional scale of the Miocene) were revealed too. Cretaceous deposits (Semigorsky volcano) belong to the late Campanian - Maastrichtian.