Suchergebnisse

Uncertainty analyses of fission product yields are indispensable in evaluating reactor burnup and decay heat calculation credibility. Compared with neutron cross section, there are fewer uncertainty analyses conducted and it has been a controversial topic by lack of properly estimated covariance matrix as well as adequate sampling method. Specifically, the conventional normal-based sampling method in sampling large uncertainty independent fission yields could inevitably generate nonphysical negative samples. Cutting off these samples would introduce bias into uncertainty results. Here, we evaluate thermal neutron-induced U-235 independent fission yields covariance matrix by the Bayesian updating method, and then we use lognormal-based sampling method to overcome the negative fission yields samples issue. Fission yields uncertainty contribution to effective multiplication factor and several fission products' atomic densities at equilibrium core of pebble-bed HTGR are quantified and investigated. The results show that the lognormal-based sampling method could prevent generating negative yields samples and maintain the skewness of fission yields distribution. Compared with the zero cut-off normal-based sampling method, the lognormal-based sampling method evaluates the uncertainty of effective multiplication factor and atomic densities are larger. This implies that zero cut-off effect in the normal-based sampling method would underestimate the fission yields uncertainty contribution. Therefore, adopting the lognormal-based sampling method is crucial for providing reliable uncertainty analysis results in fission product yields uncertainty analysis.

The 2D/1D coupling method is recognized as one of the preferred high‐fidelity calculation methods for reactors featured with well homogeneity in the axial direction. However, the choices of the technicalities, such as transverse leakage, axial solver, and transverse leakage splitting method, will lead to different calculational performance. This paper outlines the theory of the 2D/1D coupling method and describes the detailed implementations of the key technicalities. Based on numerical tests, the choices of the related calculational parameters are analyzed, such as the order of the quadrature set, ray spacing, and the axial mesh size. Then, the computational performance of six typical 2D/1D technicalities is compared and assessed. A comparison between 2D/1D coupling method and direct 3D MOC calculation is also made. For the transverse leakage, the Fourier expansion technique could significantly reduce the memory burden and computational cost, but with the similar accuracy as the anisotropic leakage term. It is recommended to use the axial DGFEM SN solver, which has better consistency and leads to higher computational efficiency. Additionally, the results also show that the 2D/1D coupling method can appropriately increase the axial mesh size, which only has slight effect on the accuracy. For nuclear reactors featured with nonstrong heterogeneity in axial direction, the 2D/1D coupling method has significant advantages than the direct 3D MOC calculation.

The accurate prediction of the neutronic and thermal-hydraulic coupling system transient behavior is important in nuclear reactor safety analysis, where a large-scale nonlinear coupling system with strong stiffness should be solved efficiently. In order to reduce the stiffness and huge computational cost in the coupling system, the high-performance numerical techniques for solving delayed neutron precursor equation are a key issue. In this work, a new precursor integral method with an exponential approximation is proposed and compared with widely used Taylor approximation-based precursor integral methods. The truncation errors of exponential approximation and Taylor approximation are analyzed and compared. Moreover, a time control technique is put forward which is based on flux exponential approximation. The procedure is tested in a 2D neutron kinetic benchmark and a simplified high-temperature gas-cooled reactor-pebble bed module (HTR-PM) multiphysics problem utilizing the efficient Jacobian-free Newton–Krylov method. Results show that selecting appropriate flux approximation in the precursor integral method can improve the efficiency and precision compared with the traditional method. The computation time is reduced to one-ninth in the HTR-PM model under the same accuracy when applying the exponential integral method with the time adaptive technique.