Suchergebnisse

Acequias are a form of commons used to share scarce surface water for agricultural purposes. They have existed in the arid southwestern United States for centuries. In this paper I will argue that acequias are pre-capitalist organizations that convey important lessons for a post-capitalist world. The paper will also discuss La Vega, a grazing commons supported by the Hispanic culture. Both forms of the commons help to sustain low-income households many of whose members do not have regular or full-time wage-labor jobs, and they provide examples of sustainable agriculture in a fragile, high altitude environment. Within the study of political economy, they are an example of political struggles in the arena of material production and reproduction.

Coups d'état were a relatively common means of regime change during the Cold War. From 1945 through 1985, 357 attempted coups d'état occurred in the Third World, and 183 succeeded. The high frequency of coups during this period is unsurprising, especially considering the advantageous position of the military during the rapid and destabilizing pace of modernization and decolonization in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Coups d'état were not exclusive to the Third World, however. They also occurred in members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Surprisingly, however, few scholars have explored why these extra-constitutional regime changes were tolerated, or how they were even possible, within NATO. This article attempts to answer these questions within the context of the 1960 coup in Turkey by closely evaluating the notion that the United States had no knowledge or warning that a coup was about to unfold.

Coups d'etat were a relatively common means of regime change during the Cold War. From 1945 through 1985, 357 attempted coups d'etat occurred in the Third World, and 183 succeeded. The high frequency of coups during this period is unsurprising, especially considering the advantageous position of the military during the rapid and destabilizing pace of modernization and decolonization in Africa, Asia, Latin America, and the Middle East. Coups d'etat were not exclusive to the Third World, however. They also occurred in members of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Surprisingly, however, few scholars have explored why these extra-constitutional regime changes were tolerated, or how they were even possible, within NATO. This article attempts to answer these questions within the context of the 1960 coup in Turkey by closely evaluating the notion that the United States had no knowledge or warning that a coup was about to unfold. Adapted from the source document.

For several decades workers' participation in management was a persistent demand of the left. In the neoliberal era it became, in a twisted way, a reality for some workers. Team organization of production, reduction of supervisory staffing, and a constant drive for productivity improvement became the norm, requiring broader managerial involvement by workers in their activities. Workers' control of production remains on the radical agenda, but with broader implications. Workers' control of production implies dramatic changes in the relationship between capital and labor, and with them development of alternative forms of production and distribution. JEL classification: J54, B51, L23

Cooperatives function in market economies, but they are not always served well by markets. Workers' cooperatives avoid use of the labor market by definition, but they encounter forms of market failure and system mismatch in equity markets. Economic theory of the labor-managed firm and the historical development of the Mondragón system of financing cooperatives provide insight into these problems. This article argues for new strategies to assist capital formation in cooperatives.