Suchergebnisse

Researchers have suggested that general self-efficacy (GSE) can substantially contribute to organizational theory, research, and practice. Unfortunately, the limited construct validity work conducted on commonly used GSE measures has highlighted such potential problems as low content validity and multidimensionality. The authors developed a new GSE (NGSE) scale and compared its psychometric properties and validity to that of the Sherer et al. General Self-Efficacy Scale (SGSE). Studies in two countries found that the NGSE scale has higher construct validity than the SGSE scale. Although shorter than the SGSE scale, the NGSE scale demonstrated high reliability, predicted specific self-efficacy (SSE) for a variety of tasks in various contexts, and moderated the influence of previous performance on subsequent SSE formation. Implications, limitations, and directions for future organizational research are discussed.

Research has generally supported a linear positive relationship between team efficacy and team performance. More recent theories and research suggest, however, that teams can become overly efficacious and team efficacy may exhibit nonlinear relationships with outcomes. The current study investigates the possibility that team efficacy is associated with decreases in team performance when the level of team efficacy is excessively high or low. This study further suggests that cohesion is an important contextual factor that may affect the curvilinear relationship between team efficacy and performance such that high levels of cohesion will magnify the curvilinear relationship whereas low levels of cohesion will flatten the curvilinear pattern. Hypotheses were tested using 324 employees in 34 work teams. Results demonstrate that the curvilinear relationship between team efficacy and team performance was strongest when cohesion was high; the relationship flattened when cohesion was low. Implications and limitations are discussed.

This study extends previous work reviewing the cohesion-performance relationship by using meta-analytic techniques to assess the effects of level of analysis and task interdependence on the cohesion-performance relationship. A totel of 51 effect sizes from 46 empirical studies were obtained for the meta-analytic integration. Results suggest that level of analysis and task interdependence moderate the cohesion-performance relationship. Implications of the findings for future research on group cohesion and performance are discussed.

This study extends previous work reviewing the cohesion-performance relationship by using meta-analytic techniques to assess the effects of level of analysis and task interdependence on the cohesion-performance relationship. A total of 51 effect sizesfmrom 46 empirical studies were obtainedfor the meta-analytic integration. Results suggest that level of analysis and task interdependence moderate the cohesion-performance relationship. Implications of the findingsforfuture research on group cohesion and performance are discussed