Suchergebnisse

1. Motivation for Analysis and Evaluation of Logistic Costs -- 2. Objectives and Content of a Logistic Costs Evaluation Task -- 3. Methodology: Definition, and Selection of Variable to Measure Logistic Costs -- 4. A Case in Point To Illustrate the Problematic of Logistic Costs -- 5. Impact and Benefits of Decreases in Logistic Costs -- 6. Sources, and Incidence of Logistic Costs -- 7. Methodological Notes and Phases for the Evaluation of Logistic Costs -- 8. Factors and Elements of Logistic Costs -- 9. Moving Forward: Towards an Effective Logistics-Infrastructure and Services Platform: Typology of Interventions (soft and Hard) to Reduce Logistic Costs -- 10. Specific Examples on Interventions to Reduce Logistic Costs and Impact -- 11. Conclusión.

En el artículo, tres especialistas del Banco Mundial analizan la participación del sector privado en infraestructura y concluyen que, en términos generales, los resultados fueron positivos. Mejoraron la productividad, la calidad y la cobertura del servicio. Sin embargo, la percepción social es negativa, lo que se explica por las falencias en la implementación de las privatizaciones, que incluyen falta de transparencia, carencia de programas sociales para los afectados y frecuentes renegociaciones. Los autores argumentan que América Latina, que invierte poco en infraestructura, necesita la participación del sector privado y para lograrla es imperioso revisar los errores del pasado y diseñar procesos más equitativos, transparentes y participativos. (Nueva Soc/GIGA)

This paper analyzes the experience, high incidence, lesson learned and reflections on the issue renegotiations in Latin America, based in the evolution of PPP contracts through the last 25 years. The paper also shows how countries via new PPP laws, regulations, norms and specific platforms can reduce the incidence and the incentives to renegotiate contracts. Based in experience in the last two decades, many countries in the region have improved renegotiation practices and regulations/framework through their PPP legislation and associated regulations, such as Peru (2008), Chile (2010), Colombia (2011) or Mexico (2012.) The preliminary findings show advances in the implementation of platforms to address renegotiations and new trends in the renegotiations of contracts particularly in complex projects and where governments are providing financial or credit enhancement, such as sharing risk or co-financing.