Suchergebnisse

AbstractThis paper forms part of a series of papers investigating how a handful of European regions responded, in most cases successfully, to deepening global economic integration during the period 1995−2005. This particular case considers the response of the English region comprising the territories of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire and Milton Keynes (the 'UKJ1 region') located to the immediate West and Northwest of Greater London. It investigates why this region was able to exploit deepening global integration as well as it did, even though it does not have a major urban centre at its territorial core. It also asks what lessons the region's experience holds for other European regions. The messages to emerge from the case study are that the UKJ1 region's success in leveraging these global flows is inextricably linked to its functional interdependence with Greater London and that, to the extent policy factors played a role in this integration process, central government policy‐making played a significantly more important role than regional government policy making. The messages to other European regions then are: (i) to consider and cultivate all kinds of links between regions on the periphery of major national urban centres and those urban centres themselves; and (ii) to communicate clearly and forcefully the strengths and vulnerabilities of individual regions to the national level policy‐makers responsible for the pace of global integration.Resumen. Este artículo forma parte de una serie que investiga el modo en que unas pocas regiones europeas respondieron, en la mayoría de casos de modo exitoso, a la consecución de una integración económica global más profunda en el periodo 1995‐2005. Este caso en particular considera la respuesta de la región inglesa que incluye los territorios de Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, Oxfordshire y Milton Keynes (la región 'UKJ1' en NUTS), inmediatamente vecinos al oeste y noroeste del Gran Londres. Se investiga por qué esta región fue capaz de explotar en mayor profundidad la integración global tan bien como lo hizo, aunque no tenga un centro urbano importante en el núcleo de su territorio. También se pregunta acerca de las lecciones que la experiencia de esta región puede aportar a otras regiones europeas. Los mensajes que emergen del estudio de caso son que el éxito de la región UKJ1 en cuanto a aprovecharse de estos flujos globales está inextricablemente vinculado a su interdependencia funcional con el Gran Londres y que, en tanto que varios factores políticos han jugado un papel en este proceso de integración, la formulación de políticas del gobierno central ha jugado un papel significativamente más importante que las políticas formuladas a escala regional. Las lecciones para otras regiones europeas son por tanto: (i) considerar y cultivar todo tipo de vínculo entre regiones en la periferia de los principales centros urbanos nacionales y de los propios centros urbanos; y (ii) comunicar de manera clara y enérgica las fortalezas y vulnerabilidades de cada región a los formuladores de políticas responsables del avance de la integración global.

The author investigates the relationship between local currencies and local economic development (LED) with the aid of evidence from a case study of the 'Ithaca Hours' currency in Ithaca, New York, USA. He aims to answer two related questions: (1) are local currencies good for local economic development? And (2) would they make a good local economic development policy tool? The circulation of Hours is found both to increase economic activity and to preserve local skills which might have been lost if the currency system had not been in place. He concludes, however, that the Hours model should not be adopted as policy without modifications, because the design suffers from poor incentive structures which depress circulation and limit the positive effects of the currency on LED.

ABSTRACTThis paper is the first large scale, quantitative study of the impact of corporate carbon management practices on corporate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Using data for 2009 and 2010 from the Carbon Disclosure Project survey, we find little compelling evidence that commonly adopted management practices are reducing emissions. This finding is unexpected and we propose three possible explanations for it. First, it may be because corporate carbon data and management practice information have not been reported in a standardized way. Second, there may be a delay between the application of corporate carbon management practices and their impact on emissions performance. Third, carbon management practices are not sufficiently impact‐oriented, meaning there is no relationship to observe. Our findings are important for policymakers designing corporate GHG reporting standards, for the multiple stakeholders trying to understand the drivers of corporate carbon performance, and for the corporate managers responsible for measuring, reporting and mitigating emissions. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management published by ERP Environment and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.