Suchergebnisse

This article presents an empirical analysis of the relationship between political and civil liberty, economic freedom, and growth for Fiji. Fiji's experience of two military coups in 1987, the delay to resolve the agricultural land lease issues, and the implementation of the 1990 Constitution have been major setbacks in terms of Fiji's nondemocratic political environment and uncertain economic policies, a decline in the private investment and exports, and an exodus of skilled labor. This experience severely damaged the growth prospects whereby unstable sociopolitical institutions undermined the importance of economic freedom and civil liberties of its citizens and foreign investors. Empirical results presented here support the view that democratic values and economic freedom are significant for growth. A statistical test for the endogeneity of democracy variable rejects the null, thus the reverse causality, so democratic environment and economic freedom lead to higher economic growth.

Auf der Basis von Daten aus den Jahren 1970/71 - 1995/96 wird die Motivation Australiens untersucht, die indonesische Regierung zu unterstützen. Zunächst geben die Autoren einen Überblick über die australische Entwicklungszusammenarbeit mit Indonesien. Danach werden zwei verschiedene Modelle der Entwicklungszusammenarbeit diskutiert, nämlich zum einen die Interessen der Geberländer und zum anderen die Anforderungen der Empfängerländer. Abschließend werden die ökonometrischen Ergebnisse dargelegt. (DSE/DÜI)

AbstractIn 1990 the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) published the human development index (HDI), a new measure that provides a means by which inter‐country and intertemporal comparisons of living levels can be undertaken. This paper has three objectives. Firstly, the various concepts and measures that can be used for inter‐country and intertemporal comparisons are described so as to put this new measure in perspective with respect to the existing literature. Secondly, the conceptual basis of the HDI is described and it is shown that the index actually calculated by UNDP is, in fact, only one of three possible measures of the general conception of human development stated by UNDP. Thirdly, empirical analysis of the two more important measures of the HDI indicates that there are some important differences between the measures. Absolute values and the ranking characteristics of the three measures of the HDI are examined. These differences may be quite important if the HDI is used as an explanatory variable in economic or social analyses.