Suchergebnisse

The educational legislation in Spain establishes the obligation to adopt in schools, measures to make physical activity and a balanced diet be part of the school population, promoting the daily practice of physical activity during the day and following the recommendations of the competent bodies. The physical education teacher is responsible for the design, coordination and supervision of the measures taken for these purposes in the educational center. To help educational institutions comply with these requirements, in some autonomous communities, such as Galicia, educational innovation programs have been created. We present here a longitudinal descriptive study carried out with educational centers of the autonomous community of Galicia, at the initial moment of application of these programs, called Sports Projects of the Center. We sought to carry out this research as a diagnosis to improve them and create structures that in the future respond adequately to the reality of schools, teachers, students and the environment (ecological perspective). ; La legislación educativa en España establece la obligación de adoptar, en los centros educativos, medidas para que la actividad física y la dieta equilibrada formen parte de la población escolar, promoviendo la práctica diaria de actividad física durante la jornada escolar y siguiendo las recomendaciones de los organismos competentes. El profesor de Educación Física es el responsable del diseño, coordinación y supervisión de las medidas que a estos efectos se adopten en el centro educativo. Para ayudar a las instituciones educativas a cumplir con estos requerimientos, en algunas comunidades autónomas, como la gallega, se han creado programas de innovación educativa. Presentamos aquí un estudio descriptivo longitudinal realizado con centros educativos de la comunidad autónoma de Galicia, en el momento inicial de aplicación de dichos programas, denominados Proyectos Deportivos de Centro. Buscábamos realizar esta investigación a modo de diagnóstico para mejorarlos y crear estructuras que en el futuro respondan adecuadamente a la realidad de las escuelas, del profesorado, del alumnado y del entorno (perspectiva ecológica).

This article presents a comparative study of Physical Education in terms of legislation, structure, curriculum, schools and teachers, in the countries within the framework of the Euro-American Network on Physical Activity, Education and Health (REAFES) with the characteristic of being Latin American countries and not Anglophone. An open-ended questionnaire is prepared following the indicators for quality education for Physical Education established by UNESCO based on the analysis of the results of the implementation of the "Global Survey on the Situation of Physical Education" (North Western Countries Physical Education Association, 2014). It is sent to experts in the field and answers are received from Colombia, Chile, Spain, Portugal, Dominican Republic and Venezuela. Surveys are analyzed by comparing each variable in each of the countries in order to obtain a deeper approach than if analyzed country by country. We emphasize the idea that in all the countries analyzed a structure, a curriculum and a teaching qualification are guaranteed (except for short-term cases within each one) that sufficiently ensures the minimum required for the development of quality physical education and, on the contrary, it is when establishing programs outside school hours (formal education), where there are greater differences in the intentions and wealth of activity programs outside these hours (informal and non-formal education). ; En este artículo se presenta un estudio comparado de la Educación Física en lo relativo a la legislación, su estructura, el currículo, las escuelas y el profesorado, todo ello en países dentro del marco que compone la Red Euroamericana de Actividad Física, Educación y Salud (REAFES), con la característica de ser todos iberoamericanos y no anglófonos. Para ello, se elaboró un cuestionario de respuestas abiertas siguiendo los indicadores para una enseñanza de calidad para la Educación Física (EF)establecidos por la UNESCO a partir del análisis de los resultados de la aplicación de la Encuesta Mundial sobre la situación de la Educación Física (North Western Countries Physical Education Association, 2014). Se envía a expertos en el ámbito de los países implicados, recibiendo la respuesta de Colombia, Chile, España, Portugal, República Dominicana y Venezuela. Se analizan las encuestas comparando cada variable en cada uno de los países para poder obtener un abordaje de mayor profundidad que si analizáramos país por país. Se destaca la idea de que en todos los países analizados está garantizado (excepto excepciones coyunturales dentro de cada uno), una estructura, un currículo y una cualificación docente que asegura de forma suficiente los mínimos requeridos para el desarrollo de una Educación Física de calidad y, por el contrario, es a la hora de establecer programas fuera del horario lectivo (educación formal), donde se encuentran mayores diferencias en las intenciones y riquezas de los programas de actividades fuera de estos horarios (educación informal y no formal).

[Abstract] Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is essential to healthy mental and physical development in early life. However, the prevalence of physical inactivity, which is considered a key modifiable driver of childhood obesity, has reached alarming levels among European youth. There is a need to update the data for Spain, in order to establish if current measures are effective or new approaches are needed. Methods and analysis: We present the protocol for Physical Activity, Sedentarism, lifestyles and Obesity in Spanish youth (PASOS). This observational, nationally representative, multicentre study aims to determine the PA levels, sedentary behaviours and prevalence of physical inactivity (defined as <60 min of moderate to vigorous PA per day) in a representative sample of Spanish children and adolescents. The PASOS study has recruited a representative random sample of children and adolescents aged 8–16 years from 242 educational centres in the 17 'autonomous regions' into which Spain is divided. The aim is to include a total of 4508 youth participants and their families. Weight, height and waist circumference will be measured by standardised procedures. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, quality of life, sleep duration, PA and sedentary behaviour are being measured by validated questionnaires. PA is measured by the Physical Activity Unit 7-item Screener. A representative subsample (10% of participants) was randomly selected to wear accelerometers for 9 days to obtain objective data on PA. Parents are asked about their educational level, time spent doing PA, diet quality, self-perceived stress, smoking habit, weight, height, their child's birth weight and if the child was breast fed. ; PASOS study has been funded mainly by Fundación PROBITAS and Gasol Foundation. Additional funds were received from the Barça Foundation, Banco Santander, IFA, Viena and Fundación Deporte Jóven. MMB is funded by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish government, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), which is cofunded by the European Regional Development Fund (CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038), grant of support to research groups number 35/2011 (Balearic Islands Gov) and EU COST Action CA16112. PASOS has the institutional support of Spain's Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, the Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare through the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (ASEAN), the High Commission against Child Poverty, the High Sports Council, the General College of Professional Associations of Physical Education and Sports, and the Departments of Education and/or Health and/or Sports of Spain's 17 autonomous regions. The CIBERESP and the CIBEROBN are initiatives of the Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. ; Gobierno de las Islas Baleares; 35/2011 ; European Cooperation in Science and Technology; CA16112

[Abstract] The aim of this study is to evaluate if screen time and parents' education levels are associated with adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern. This cross-sectional study analyzed a representative sample of 3333 children and adolescents (8 to 16 years) included in the Physical Activity, Sedentarism, lifestyles and Obesity in Spanish youth (PASOS) study in Spain (which ran from March 2019 to February 2020). Data on screen time (television, computer, video games, and mobile phone) per day, Mediterranean diet adherence, daily moderate or vigorous physical activity, and parents' education levels were gathered using questionnaires. A descriptive study of the variables according to sex and parents' education level was performed. Logistic regression models (adjusted by sex and weight status) were fitted to evaluate the independent association between screen time and Kids' level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (KIDMED) index, as well as some of its items. A greater amount of screen time was associated with worse adherence to the Mediterranean diet; a lower consumption of fruit, vegetables, fish, legumes, and nuts; and a greater consumption of fast food, sweets, and candies. A lower parents' education level was associated with worse adherence to the Mediterranean diet. It is necessary to promote the responsible, limited use of screen time, especially in children with parents with a lower education level. ; The PASOS study was funded by Fundación PROBITAS and the Gasol Foundation. Additional funds were received from the Barça Foundation, Banco Santander, IFA, Vienna and the Fundación Deporte Jóven. J.A.T. and M.M.B. are funded by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish government, the Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038).

The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-021-01169-w Additional file 1 Supplementary Table 1.Characteristics of the validation study participants and the remaining participants of the population-based PASOS cohort. Additional file 2 Supplementary Table 2.Correlation coefficients and between-method agreement of moderate to vigorous physical activity measurements derived by the Physical Activity Unit 7-item screener, non-calibrated and calibrated, and the reference method (accelerometer),stratified by age ; [Abstract] Background Validation of self-reported tools, such as physical activity (PA) questionnaires, is crucial. The aim of this study was to determine test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and the concurrent, construct, and predictive validity of the short semi-quantitative Physical Activity Unit 7 item Screener (PAU-7S), using accelerometry as the reference measurement. The effect of linear calibration on PAU-7S validity was tested. Methods A randomized sample of 321 healthy children aged 8–16 years (149 boys, 172 girls) from the nationwide representative PASOS study completed the PAU-7S before and after wearing an accelerometer for at least 7 consecutive days. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Cronbach alpha was calculated for internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was determined by intra-class correlation (ICC). Concurrent validity was assessed by ICC and Spearman correlation coefficient between moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) derived by the PAU-7S and by accelerometer. Concordance between both methods was analyzed by absolute agreement, weighted kappa, and Bland-Altman statistics. Multiple linear regression models were fitted for construct validity and predictive validity was determined by leave-one-out cross-validation. Results The PAU-7S overestimated MVPA by 18%, compared to accelerometers (106.5 ± 77.0 vs 95.2 ± 33.2 min/day, respectively). A Cronbach alpha of 0.76 showed an acceptable internal consistency of the PAU-7S. Test-retest reliability was good (ICC 0.71 p < 0.001). Spearman correlation and ICC coefficients of MVPA derived by the PAU-7S and accelerometers increased from 0.31 to 0.62 and 0.20 to 0.62, respectively, after calibration of the PAU-7S. Between-methods concordance improved from a weighted kappa of 0.24 to 0.50 after calibration. A slight reduction in ICC, from 0.62 to 0.60, yielded good predictive validity. Multiple linear regression models showed an inverse association of MVPA with standardized body mass index (β − 0.162; p < 0.077) and waist to height ratio (β − 0.010; p < 0.014). All validity dimensions were somewhat stronger in boys compared to girls. Conclusion The PAU-7S shows a good test-retest reliability and acceptable internal consistency. All dimensions of validity increased from poor/fair to moderate/good after calibration. The PAU-7S is a valid instrument for measuring MVPA in children and adolescents. ; PASOS study has been funded mainly by Fundación PROBITAS and Gasol Foundation. Additional funds were received from the Barça Foundation, Banco Santander, Grupo IFA, Viena and Fundación Deporte Jóven, grant of support to research groups number 35/2011 (Balearic Islands Gov) and EU COST Action CA16112. J.A.T. and M.M.B. are funded by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish government, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), which is cofunded by the 333 European Regional Development Fund (CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038). PASOS has the institutional support of Spain's Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, the Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare through the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (ASEAN), the High Commission against Child Poverty, the High Sports Council, the General College of Professional Associations of Physical Education and Sports, and the Departments of Education and/or Health and/or Sports of Spain's 17 autonomous regions. The CIBERESP and the CIBEROBN are initiatives of the Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. ; Gobierno de las Islas Baleares; 35/2011 ; European Cooperation in Science and Technology; CA16112

The aim of this study is to evaluate if screen time and parents' education levels are associated with adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern. This cross-sectional study analyzed a representative sample of 3333 children and adolescents (8 to 16 years) included in the Physical Activity, Sedentarism, lifestyles and Obesity in Spanish youth (PASOS) study in Spain (which ran from March 2019 to February 2020). Data on screen time (television, computer, video games, and mobile phone) per day, Mediterranean diet adherence, daily moderate or vigorous physical activity, and parents' education levels were gathered using questionnaires. A descriptive study of the variables according to sex and parents' education level was performed. Logistic regression models (adjusted by sex and weight status) were fitted to evaluate the independent association between screen time and Kids' level of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (KIDMED) index, as well as some of its items. A greater amount of screen time was associated with worse adherence to the Mediterranean diet; a lower consumption of fruit, vegetables, fish, legumes, and nuts; and a greater consumption of fast food, sweets, and candies. A lower parents' education level was associated with worse adherence to the Mediterranean diet. It is necessary to promote the responsible, limited use of screen time, especially in children with parents with a lower education level. ; The PASOS study was funded by Fundación PROBITAS and the Gasol Foundation. Additional funds were received from the Barça Foundation, Banco Santander, IFA, Vienna and the Fundación Deporte Jóven. J.A.T. and M.M.B. are funded by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish government, the Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), which is co-funded by the European Regional Development Fund (CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038).

Background: Validation of self-reported tools, such as physical activity (PA) questionnaires, is crucial. The aim of this study was to determine test-retest reliability, internal consistency, and the concurrent, construct, and predictive validity of the short semi-quantitative Physical Activity Unit 7 item Screener (PAU-7S), using accelerometry as the reference measurement. The effect of linear calibration on PAU-7S validity was tested. Methods: A randomized sample of 321 healthy children aged 8–16 years (149 boys, 172 girls) from the nationwide representative PASOS study completed the PAU-7S before and after wearing an accelerometer for at least 7 consecutive days. Weight, height, and waist circumference were measured. Cronbach alpha was calculated for internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was determined by intra-class correlation (ICC). Concurrent validity was assessed by ICC and Spearman correlation coefficient between moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) derived by the PAU-7S and by accelerometer. Concordance between both methods was analyzed by absolute agreement, weighted kappa, and Bland-Altman statistics. Multiple linear regression models were fitted for construct validity and predictive validity was determined by leave-one-out cross-validation. ; PASOS study has been funded mainly by Fundación PROBITAS and Gasol Foundation. Additional funds were received from the Barça Foundation, Banco Santander, Grupo IFA, Viena and Fundación Deporte Jóven, grant of support to research groups number 35/2011 (Balearic Islands Gov) and EU COST Action CA16112. J.A.T. and M.M.B. are funded by the official funding agency for biomedical research of the Spanish government, Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), which is cofunded by the 333 European Regional Development Fund (CIBEROBN CB12/03/30038). PASOS has the institutional support of Spain's Ministry of Education and Vocational Training, the Ministry of Health, Consumption and Social Welfare through the Spanish Agency for Food Safety and Nutrition (ASEAN), the High Commission against Child Poverty, the High Sports Council, the General College of Professional Associations of Physical Education and Sports, and the Departments of Education and/or Health and/or Sports of Spain's 17 autonomous regions. The CIBERESP and the CIBEROBN are initiatives of the Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.