Suchergebnisse

Tapia, Trinidad et al. ; [Context] Numerical studies have shown that the properties of the S0 galaxies with kinematics intermediate between fast and slow rotators are difficult to explain by a scenario of major mergers. ; [Aims] We investigate whether the smoother perturbation induced by minor mergers can reproduce these systems. ; [Methods] We analysed collisionless N-body simulations of intermediate and minor dry mergers onto S0s to determine the structural and kinematic evolution induced by the encounters. The original primary galaxies represent gas-poor fast-rotator S0b and S0c galaxies with high intrinsic ellipticities. The original bulges are intrinsically spherical and have low rotation. Different mass ratios, parent bulges, density ratios, and orbits were studied. ; [Results] Minor mergers induce a lower decrease of the global rotational support (as provided by λe) than encounters of lower mass ratios, which results in S0s with properties intermediate between fast and slow rotators. The resulting remnants are intrinsically more triaxial, less flattened, and span the whole range of apparent ellipticities up to εe ∼ 0.8. They do not show lower apparent ellipticities in random projections than initially; on the contrary, the formation of oval distortions and the disc thickening increase the percentage of projections at 0.4 0.9), but exhibit a wide range of triaxialities (0.20 < T < 1.00). In the plane of global anisotropy of velocities (δ) vs.? intrinsic ellipticity (εe,intr), some of our models extend the linear trend found in previous major merger simulations towards higher ε e,intr values, while others clearly depart from it (depending on the progenitor S0). This is consistent with the wide dispersion exhibited by real S0s in this diagram compared with ellipticals, which follow the linear trend drawn by major merger simulations. ; [Conclusions] The smoother changes induced by minor mergers can explain the existence of S0s with intermediate kinematic properties between fast and slow rotators that are difficult to explain with major mergers. The different trends exhibited by ellipticals and S0 galaxies in the δ - εe diagram may be pointing to the different role played by major mergers in the build-up of each morphological type. © ESO 2014. ; Supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under projects AYA2006-12955, AYA2009-10368, AYA2009-11137, AYA2012- 30717, AYA2010-21322-C03-02, AYA2010-21887-C04-04, and by the Madrid Regional Government through the AstroMadrid Project (CAM S2009/ESP-1496, http://www.laeff.cab.inta-csic.es/projects/astromadrid/main/index.php). Funded by the Spanish MICINN under the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Program grant CSD2006- 0070: "First Science with the GTC" (http://www.iac.es/consolider-ingenio-gtc/), and by the Spanish programme of International Campus of Excellence Moncloa (CEI). A.C.G.G. is a Ramón y Cajal Fellow of the Spanish MINECO. ; Peer Reviewed

Resumen del trabajo presentado en el 25th EAA Annual Meeting: Beyond paradigms, celebrado en Bern (Suiza), del 4 al 7 de septiembre de 2019 ; Agricultural planning is not limited to works of terracing, land allotment and hydraulic engineering. As a collective social practice, agriculture also requires the formalization of a corporate coordination system, based on devices such as calendars and ceremonies, which relate the collective of farmers with the space-time of agricultural practice in a given socio-economic and political context. We present an unusual architectural structure located in the Altos de Arica (south-central Andes), whose circular shape and combination of windows and niches echo the characteristics of a special Inca building of Cuzco¿s main square: the sunturhuasi. By means of a 3D multiscale modelling-based simulation, we demonstrate the landscape and astronomical potential of this architecture. The results are consistent with ethno-historical information about the Inca agricultural calendar and related astronomical observation practices. Taking into account the local archaeological context, we suggest that this special architecture constituted a central stage of an imperial built environment related to the political economy of maize production.

The Romanesque churches dotted along the Way of Saint James are magnificent examples of cultural heritage, and their analysis from the perspective of cultural astronomy may, in an unobtrusive manner, provide information of hitherto unexplored facets of these treasures. This study aims to examine the pilgrimage road as a communication channel and to seek possible regional variations in the Christian kingdoms of Leon, Castile, Navarre and Aragon. Seen as a whole, the Romanesque churches of our sample present two main orientation patterns: towards either the ecclesiastical and astronomical equinox or to certain Easter Sunday celestial phenomena. However, equinoctial orientations are present only in Leon and Navarre, while Easter appears with more or less significance in every kingdom. The Camino de Santiago constitutes a sacred landscape with a common heritage, with a certain degree of cultural diversity that depends on the territory. These subtle differences have surfaced only in light of archaeoastronomical investigations. ; This research was funded by the State Research Agency (AEI), the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (MICIU), and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) under grants with references AYA2015-66787-P 'Orientatio ad Sidera IV', PID2020-115940GB-C21, PID2020-115940GB-C22 'Orientatio ad Sidera V' and under the internal IAC project P310793 'Arqueoastronomía' and it is part of the project EIN2020-112463, funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100022033 and by the European Union "NextGenerationEU"/PRTR". ; Peer reviewed

Special issue: SEAC 25th Joint Conference, held in Santiago de Compostela, Spain, 18th - 22nd September 2017. ; Inthis work we try to identify if there exist specific patterns in the orientation of Roman towns and military settlements across the Roman Empire, and whether this can be explained by astronomy, as suggested in a number of ancient texts and latter discussed by contemporary scholars. In order to check if cosmology was present in the urban planning at Roman times we have analyzed the orientations of more than 250 Roman sites located in different regions, from the Roman West to the East, and is the largest datasetof this kind ob-tained so far. Our results present suggestive orientation patterns and point towards an astronomical inten-tionality, maybe by the integration of important dates ofRoman andpre-Roman calendars into the urban layout. ; This work is partially financed within the framework of the projects Orientatio ad sidera III (AYA2011-26759) and Orientatio ad sidera IV (AYA2011-66787-P) of Spain MINECO. A. C. González-García is a Ramon y Cajal Fellow of MINECO. ; Peer reviewed

Société Européenne pour l'Astronomie dans la Culture (SEAC 2015) Conference - "Astronomy in Past and Present Cultures" (November 2015 - Rome, Italy). ; An essential difference between the western and eastern provinces of the Roman Empire is the fact that sophisticated urban cultures had developed in Asia Minor and the Levant centuries before the Romans arrived. Underlying the Hellenized, and later Roman, veneer was a myriad of older local traditions and languages, which had an immense impact upon Roman religious tradition through elements such as the introduction of new religious practices. Following the path of previous studies, in this article we try to discern how Roman culture was inherited and adapted to the heterogeneous Eastern traditions and how it could be reflected in the architecture and urban layout, mainly in what concerns to the orientation of the urban structures. Considering ancient writings, such as those of Higynius Gromaticus (Constitutio, I), the orientation of these features could follow the position of certain celestial bodies, mainly the sun, which would imply a careful observation of the sky. Developing the lines of previous studies on the orientation of Roman settlements in the western part of the Empire (González-García et al., 2014 & Rodríguez-Antón et al., 2016), a number of Roman cities and military settlements in modern-day Jordan, Syria and Palestine are analysed here. Through this approach, we try to obtain a first insight into whether their orientations looked towards astronomical positions and wether there existed common patterns comparing with those sites previously measured in Hispania or Britannia. This would help us to obtain a wider vision of Roman ritual practices, cosmovisions and how Roman culture could have evolved, spread and became assimilated through lands and time. ; This work was partially financed under the framework of the project P31079 "Arqueoastronomía" of the IAC, AYA2011-26759 "Orientatio ad SideraIII" of the Spanish MINECO. ; Peer reviewed

This paper investigates the dolmen landscapes of Neolithic communities found within Costa da Morte (Coast of Death), Galicia. Its goal is to uncover whether or not the megalithic monuments of a particular and coherent area of the south-eastern side of the Atlantic Façade are situated in relation to complex locational variables. In particular, in this paper, we explore the entirety of their surrounding topography. For the very first time, we were able to demonstrate that very specific natural landscapes surrounding the dolmens of this region in Iberia were likely selectively drawn upon, expanding our understanding of the Neolithic of this area and the people's relationship with their natural world. ; This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation 399 programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement SHoW No 800236. ; No

Pastor Fábrega-Álvarez & Felipe Criado-Boado (eds.). ; A diversidade cultural é un reto para a investigación, tanto como para a convivencia. O mellor coñecemento do que é diferente incrementa a nosa comprensión da realidade.-- Cultural diversity is a major challenge both for research and coexistence The deeper we know the difference, the better we understand reality. ; [GA] Hai dous anos, o Incipit deseñou e organizou unha mostra titulada "Diversa: Arqueoloxía dende o Incipit alén Europa". Esta mostra nutríase de contidos procedentes de diferentes proxectos arqueolóxicos e etnoarqueolóxicos levados a cabo dende o Incipit alén Europa. Os elementos comúns a todos estes proxectos seguen a ser, unha perspectiva comunitaria e un sentido da práctica científica inseparables do traballo político coas comunidades de todo o mundo, amais de facer visible esta perspectiva á nosa propia comunidade. ; [EN] Two years ago, the Incipit designed and organized an exhibition, entitled "Diverse: Archaeology from Incipit beyond Europe". This exhibition was based on different archaeological and ethnoarchaeological projects carried out by the Incipit around the world. The common elements in all of these projects were, and still are, a community perspective and a sense of scientific practice as being inseparable from political work with citizens everywhere, along with the aim of making this perspective visible to our own community. ; Most of the projects shown here were funded by the Instituto de Patrimonio Cultural de España (IPCE), Spanish Ministry of Educación and Cultura, through the annual call Actuaciones Arqueológicas en el Exterior, Dirección General de Bellas Artes y Bienes Culturales y de Archivos y Bibliotecas de la Secretaría de Estado de Cultura. ; Peer reviewed