Suchergebnisse

Formal and informal institutions matter in the context of the innovation performance of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). The purpose of the research was to investigate whether the interplay between formal and informal institutions has a positive, negative or neutral impact on the innovation performance of CEECs, and if formal or informal institutions alone also have a positive, negative or neutral influence on the innovation performance of CEECs. The research is based on informal institutions of CEECs such as trust, traditions, customs, creativity or cooperation, and formal institutions of CEECs such as law, formal rules, or science, technology and innovation policy (STIP). The research methodology focuses on secondary statistical data from 18,808 surveys from the European Social Survey Round 9 (2018) edition 2.0 for informal institutions and from 1090 innovation policies of European Commission and OECD STIP Compass and 414,073 notices of awarded tenders of the European Union Tenders Electronic Daily for formal institutions. Innovation performance was measured by the Summary Innovation Index (SII) of the European Innovation Scoreboard 2019. The findings show that informal institutions such as trust in others, trust in the legal system, the importance of following traditions and customs or cooperation among citizens of CEECs, as well as interplay between informal institutions such as trust in the legal system and formal institutions such as obedience to rules among citizens of CEECs have a negative impact on the innovation performance of the national economies of CEECs. Meanwhile, the variety of policy theme areas and creativity among citizens of CEECs have a positive impact on the innovation performance of the national economies of CEECs.

Purpose: The objective of this paper is to explore how education and professional experience of local government (LG) managers corresponds with entrepreneurship development and local development processes in local administration units (LAU). Approach/Methodology/Design: In research, that is representative for Poland, authors surveyed 477 LG managers (enabling to achieve 3,9% error rate with 95% level of confidence) and correlated the data on their education and experience with respected local entrepreneurship metrics to conclude on correspondence of investigated phenomena. Findings: While endogenous local development theories indicate LGs and their attributes as intervening variable in entrepreneurship stimulation and local development process, local entrepreneurship metrics need to be taken into account to indicate their relevance for entrepreneurship environment and entrepreneurial ecosystems at local level. Practical Implications: Education level of local government managers might be perceived as a mediating variable between quasi-independent local resource endowment and dependent entrepreneurial activity in local administrative units. Originality/Value: Presented results extend perspective on local entrepreneurship ecosystem by outlining the role of trainings and continued education of local government managers in business activity creation. ; peer-reviewed