Suchergebnisse

Resumen: Se presentan los resultados del análisis paleoetnobotánico del sitio arqueológico Pago Lindo, departamento de Tacuarembó, Uruguay. La zona de estudio integra el área de dispersión de construcciones tumulares en tierra conocidas regionalmente como "cerritos de indios" o "aterros", que se extiende a través de las tierras bajas del sur de Brasil y noreste y este de Uruguay. Se efectuaron análisis de partículas biosilíceas en perfiles estratigráficos de un cerrito excavado, de depósitos de fondo de una laguna colmatada y de distintos sectores del canal asociado. Se buscó contribuir a la comprensión de los procesos de formación del sitio arqueológico desde una dimensión cultural y paleoambiental, aportando al conocimiento del origen, uso, mantenimiento y variabilidad funcional de las distintas estructuras. Los resultados obtenidos denotan la existencia de prácticas de manejo ecológico del medio desde hace unos 3000 años, involucrando la elevación de estructuras en tierra y posiblemente la construcción y/o adecuación y mantenimiento de lagunas y canales, así como la producción y manejo de recursos vegetales. Abstract: This contribution presents the results of palaethnobotanical analysis carried out at the Pago Lindo archaeological site, Tacuarembó County, Uruguay. The location is comprised inside the dispersal area of prehistoric mounds which extends through the lowlands of southeastern Brazil to the Northeast and East of Uruguay. Biogenic opal silica analyses were performed on stratigraphic profiles of an excavated mound, sediments from the bottom of a filled lagoon and over different zones of an associated channel. The main goal was to understand the processes involved into the archaeological site genesis from a cultural and palaeoenvironmental perspective, also considering activities linked with the use, maintenance and functional variability of the whole site. Results evidenced the existence of ecological management practices since 3000 years, which involved mounds erection, and probably also the construction/fitting/maintenance of lagoons and channels as well as the production and management of plant resources.

Preprint of our chapter for the book edited by S. van der Linde, European Archaeology Abroad. Global Settings, Comparative Perspectives, that will come out during 2013 published by Sidestone Press, Leiden, the Netherlands. This book and the present chapter are a major product from the project "Archaeology in Contemporary Europe", funded by the Culture Program of EU, and lead by INRAP, in which Incipit and Leiden University participated from 2007 to 2012 ; For the last ten years, the Institute of Heritage Sciences of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and the University of the Republic in Uruguay (Universidad de la República, UdelaR) have had cooperation links. These began as research projects, but have now led to the establishment of a joint scientific research and work unit. The recent creation of the Landscape Archaeology and Heritage Laboratory (in Spanish, LAPPU), as a scientific unit of the UdelaR, is the final and most outstanding result of this international cooperation. The LAPPU mainly carries out activities in the field of the integrated management of cultural heritage. Its focus is on the consolidation of lines of action aimed at the integration of cultural heritage within public policies, institutional enforcement, knowledge transfer, local development and the socialization and participative construction of heritage through different projects and inter-institutional agreements.In this paper we will present the epistemological basis and the path towards the cooperation we have maintained, exemplified by one of our main projects: The Archaeological Landscape of Lowlands in Uruguay, which took place in the rural areas of Tacuarembó. This archaeological and anthropological project has its foundations in the research-project Situated in Place and in the dialogical interaction between local and global, rural and urban, and traditional and modern, as a way of generating practical knowledge and instruments for local community empowerment. The specific act of researching "other heritages" that represent groups of indigenous peoples and those of African origin who have been marginalized culturally and historically in the construction of the Uruguayan Nation -State has made it possible to create a platform for multi-vocal and postcolonial articulation on different levels (such as academics, politicians, urban public, rural communities and African descendants). But it has also led us to deal with new ways of approaching heritage (not only in academic practices but also in social processes) involving new actors and including inter-generational dialogues. As a result, participative methodologies emerged as something engaged in the very nature of heritage understood as a social resource. From these experiences, the challenge for the LAPPU will be to de-centralise and create more platforms for the articulation of these multi-vocal approaches to heritage. ; This project has been funded with support from the European Commission. ; Peer reviewed

Resumen Las arquitecturas en tierra representan globalmente las primeras transformaciones del medio por las poblaciones humanas. En Uruguay, los cerritos, montículos indígenas en tierra, son la manifestación más temprana y amplia de paisaje construido. Los resultados de las intervenciones arqueológicas en el sitio Isla de los Talitas aportan al conocimiento de los procesos de formación y dinámicas de construcción y uso. El abordaje macro y micro estratigráfico caracterizó los diferentes estratos y unidades interfaciales asociados a fases formativas, estableció cronologías y aspectos funcionales de diferentes momentos de construcción y ocupación. El enfoque más amplio en el montículo TALQ28 reveló una superposición de episodios de adición de volumen con superficies de actividad, episodios de uso y momentos de discontinuidad temporal. Una tecnología constructiva es evidenciada mediante la producción de sedimentos antropogénicos, preparación de restos de hormigueros, suelos, tierras quemadas y materiales de desecho en la secuencia constructiva, junto con procesos alternos de uso, mantenimiento y limpieza. Este patrón se muestra como tradición constructiva durante tres mil años, y significa estas arquitecturas, persistentes y referenciales, con ocupaciones recurrentes y perdurables. El contexto supone la emergencia de estructuras sociales con una organización comunitaria, manejo ecológico del entorno y conocimiento transmitido en sus formas de habitar.

Pastor Fábrega-Álvarez & Felipe Criado-Boado (eds.). ; A diversidade cultural é un reto para a investigación, tanto como para a convivencia. O mellor coñecemento do que é diferente incrementa a nosa comprensión da realidade.-- Cultural diversity is a major challenge both for research and coexistence The deeper we know the difference, the better we understand reality. ; [GA] Hai dous anos, o Incipit deseñou e organizou unha mostra titulada "Diversa: Arqueoloxía dende o Incipit alén Europa". Esta mostra nutríase de contidos procedentes de diferentes proxectos arqueolóxicos e etnoarqueolóxicos levados a cabo dende o Incipit alén Europa. Os elementos comúns a todos estes proxectos seguen a ser, unha perspectiva comunitaria e un sentido da práctica científica inseparables do traballo político coas comunidades de todo o mundo, amais de facer visible esta perspectiva á nosa propia comunidade. ; [EN] Two years ago, the Incipit designed and organized an exhibition, entitled "Diverse: Archaeology from Incipit beyond Europe". This exhibition was based on different archaeological and ethnoarchaeological projects carried out by the Incipit around the world. The common elements in all of these projects were, and still are, a community perspective and a sense of scientific practice as being inseparable from political work with citizens everywhere, along with the aim of making this perspective visible to our own community. ; Most of the projects shown here were funded by the Instituto de Patrimonio Cultural de España (IPCE), Spanish Ministry of Educación and Cultura, through the annual call Actuaciones Arqueológicas en el Exterior, Dirección General de Bellas Artes y Bienes Culturales y de Archivos y Bibliotecas de la Secretaría de Estado de Cultura. ; Peer reviewed