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Background: This article offers important statistics to evaluators planning future evaluations in southeast Africa. There are little to no published statistics describing the variance of southeast African agricultural and household indicators. Objective: We seek to publish the standard deviations, intracluster correlation coefficients (ICCs), and R2s from outcomes and covariates used in a 2014 quasi-experimental evaluation of the Millennium Challenge Corporation's Mozambique Farmer Income Support Project (FISP) and thus guide researchers in their calculation of design effects relevant to future evaluations in the region. Method: We summarize data from a roughly 168-item farmer survey conducted in 1,227 households during June–July 2014 in coconut-farming regions of the Zambezia province in Mozambique. We report descriptive statistics, estimates of ICC, and R2s obtained from linear regression models with cluster random effects. We consider three different cluster definitions. Results: We report ICCs for a range of different specifications. For the FISP evaluation, the average design effect for education outcomes is 1.16. Average design effects for wealth measures based on consumption are 1.23. For agricultural-related outcomes, 1.05 is the average design effects for income measures, 1.47 for knowledge, and 1.64 for sales of specific crops. Conclusion: We offer a detailed picture of the variance structure of agricultural and other outcomes in Mozambique. Our results indicate that the design effect associated with these outcomes is less than the rule-of-thumb design effect (2.0) used in nutrition studies which are commonly cited in the studies of this region.

In many developing countries, transportation infrastructure development lags behind the tremendous growth in motorization. Road traffic injuries cause enormous morbidity and mortality worldwide, placing heavy burdens on global and national economies. .Underdeveloped transportation infrastructures critical to traffic safety include roadway improvement, occupant protection laws, traffic law enforcement, and emergency medical services (EMS). Highlighting one important aspect of lagging infrastructure, this article focuses on emergency medical services. This research study offers a descriptive evaluation of the existing pre-hospital care system in Chiang Mai, Thailand. The research objectives were (a) to describe how emergency rescue services are organized in Chiang Mai, (b) to examine ongoing public health efforts to improve emergency services, and (c) to document the training, certification, employment, and medical use of pre-hospital personnel. Thailand's national and local pre-hospital services (i.e., services designed to transfer persons with traffic injuries into the country's hospital infrastructure) are both insufficient and inefficient. The Thai National Government has promised funding to create a national EMS network by 2006. Research recommendations for Thailand EMS include more professional training for emergency workers, standardization of equipment, centralization of communications, and further analysis of competitive services.