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Over the last years, some remarkable recommender systems for group of users have been developed. When using most of these systems, each group member communicates his/her preferences to the system, which obtains a group profile as the result of an equal weighting of the individual preferences. This way, no member is particularly dissatisfied with the recommendations. However, this is not a realistic situation, given that not all the members in a group act in the same manner. This paper deals with the problem of recommendation for a group of users, where, besides his/her own preferences, each user may have different expectations about the result of the recommendation and may exhibit a different behaviour with respect to the other group members. Moreover, all this information is private and may be revealed under certain circumstances. In this context, we have opted for building a multi-agent system, where an agent acts on behalf of one group member. We have implemented a UserAgent that can be configured in order to exhibit the behaviour desired by the corresponding user. Then, different UserAgents negotiate with the aim of building a group profile that satisfies their particular minimum requirements, while preserving some privacy. Moreover, we have designed a NegotiatorAgent, which governs the negotiation and may act as a mediator in order to facilitate the agreement. Finally, we have performed some experiments that show that this mechanism is able to give a response in this heterogeneous environment. ; Partial support provided by Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00022, Spanish Government Project MICINN TIN2011-27652- C03-01. ; García García, I.; Sebastiá Tarín, L. (2014). A negotiation framework for heterogeneous group recommendation. Expert Systems with Applications. 41(4):1245-1261. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2013.07.111 ; S ; 1245 ; 1261 ; 41 ; 4

The aims of this study were to ascertain the perception that health professionals (doctors, nurses and nursing assistants) have about their preparation for the care of terminally ill patients and to determine their knowledge about palliative care legislation. This cross sectional study was performed at a hospital in Granada (Spain); we administered an ad hoc questionnaire. The results indicated that although most of the staff had worked with terminally ill patients, only half believed that they have been trained to care for them. A significant proportion stated that they did not know about the current palliative care legislation. Most professionals would question the withdrawal of therapies for the maintenance of life; most of them are also unaware of the mechanism for reporting on the completion of a Living Will, as well as a Plan for Palliative Care in Andalusia (Spain). ; Os objetivos deste estudo são determinar a percepção que os profissionais de saúde (médicos, enfermeiros e auxiliares de enfermagem) têm sobre a sua preparação sobre o cuidado dos doentes terminais e determinar seu conhecimento da legislação sobre cuidados paliativos. Realizou-se um estudo transversal em um hospital em Granada (Espanha), através da aplicação de um questionário ad hoc. Os resultados mostram que a maioria do pessoal trabalha com pacientes no fim de sua vida, mas apenas a metade crê que têm o treinamento adequado para cuidar deles. Uma proporção significativa disse que não conhece a legislação vigente sobre cuidados paliativos. A maioria dos profissionais propenderia a retirada de terapias para a sustentação da vida e não sabem o mecanismo de comunicação sobre a realização do Living Will, como indica o Plano de Assistência Paliativa de Andaluzia (Espanha). ; Este estudio apunta a conocer la percepción que los profesionales de la salud (médicos, enfermeras y auxiliares de enfermería) tienen acerca de su preparación en el cuidado de los enfermos terminales y determinar sus conocimientos sobre la legislación de cuidados paliativos. Se ha realizado un estudio transversal, en un hospital de Granada (España), mediante la aplicación de un cuestionario ad hoc. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría del personal ha trabajado con pacientes en el final de su vida, pero sólo la mitad cree tener la formación adecuada para cuidarlos. Una parte considerable dice no conocer la legislación actual en cuidados paliativos. La mayoría de los profesionales plantearía la retirada de terapias para el mantenimiento de la vida y desconocen el mecanismo para informar sobre la cumplimentación del Testamento Vital, como indica el Plan de Cuidados Paliativos de Andalucía (España).

[EN] In this paper, we present a Multi Agent System aimed to support a user or a group of users on the planning of different leisure and tourist activities in a city. The system integrates agents that cooperate to dynamically capture the users profiles and to obtain a list of suitable and satisfactory activities for the user or for the group, by using the experience acquired through the interaction of the users and similar users with the system. Moreover, the system is also able to generate a time schedule of the list of recommended activities thus forming a real activity plan. This paper focuses on the architecture and functional behaviour of our system. ; Partial support provided by Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00022, Spanish Government Project MICINN TIN2008-6701-C03-01 and Valencian Government Project Prometeo 2008/051 ; Sebastiá Tarín, L.; Giret Boggino, AS.; García García, I. (2011). A Multi Agent Architecture for Single User and Group Recommendation in the Tourism Domain. International Journal of Artificial Intelligence. 6(11):161-182. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/35364 ; S ; 161 ; 182 ; 6 ; 11

[EN] This paper presents a recommender system for tourism based on the tastes of the users, their demographic classification and the places they have visited in former trips. The system is able to offer recommendations for a single user or a group of users. The group recommendation is elicited out of the individual personal recommendations through the application of mechanisms such as aggregation and intersection. The elicitation mechanism is implemented as an extension of e-Tourism, a user-adapted tourism and leisure application whose main component is the Generalist Recommender System Kernel (GRSK), a domain-independent taxonomy-driven recommender system. © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. ; Partial support provided by Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2007–00022, Spanish Government Project MICINN TIN2008–06701-C03–01 and Valencian Government Project Prometeo 2008/051. ; García García, I.; Sebastiá Tarín, L.; Onaindia De La Rivaherrera, E. (2011). On the design of individual and group recommender systems for tourism. Expert Systems with Applications. 38(6):7683-7692. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2010.12.143 ; S ; 7683 ; 7692 ; 38 ; 6

Abstract Background Research confirms the existence of gender-based differences regarding the high-risk sexual behaviour (non-use of condoms and casual partners) of young men and women. The objectives were to provide evidence for this association; to analyse the reasons why both sexes have sexual relations with casual partners and to ascertain the motives for condom use or non-use during casual sex. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 900 participants, 524 males and 376 females. All participants were 15-29 (20.93 ± 4.071) years of age and came from four different centres (a university, two secondary schools, and a military base) in Melilla (Spain). The participants were given a socio-demographic survey as well as a psychometric text on high-risk sexual behaviour. Results The results found gender-based significant differences for sexual relations with penetration ( p = 0.001), number of sexual partners ( p = 0.001), and sexual relations with casual partners ( p = 0.001). In all of these variables, male participants had higher percentages than female participants. Reasons for having casual sexual relations were also different for men and women, differences were found for the items, opportunity ( p = 0.001), interest in knowing the other person ( p = 0.015), physical excitement ( p = 0.056) and drug consumption ( p = 0.059). Regarding the reasons for consistent condom use with casual partners, there were differences for the item, my demand of a condom ( p = 0.002). For the non-use of condoms with casual partners, differences were found for the items, I do not like to use condoms ( p = 0.001) and condoms lessen sensitivity and reduce pleasure ( p = 0.009). Conclusions Men and women were found to have different high-risk sexual behaviours and practices. Of the motives for having sexual relations with casual partners, male participants considered opportunity and interest in knowing the other person to be more important than the female participants. Regarding condom use, the female participants' demand to use a condom was a significant gender-based difference. In contrast to the young women, the male participants mostly justified not using a condom because it lessened sensitivity and reduced pleasure.

As new technologies have emerged in the last few years, the learning process has been changing. New and powerful e-learning systems are being developed and new teaching methods can be used in classrooms. In this paper, we present a computer-based game with an educational background that is played on a large-size tabletop display. The game can be used as reinforcement for educational content related to historical ages. The game uses natural interaction. A study to compare the traditional learning method with a collaborative learning method using the game was carried out. A group of up to 12 children could learn together using the game. The experience of children in large groups was also compared with the experience of children playing in pairs. One hundred children between 8 and 11 years old participated in the study; they were divided into three groups (LGroup, Pairs, TClass). When the pretest and the post-test results were compared, it was shown that the children learned the contents in all three groups. The results also showed that there were statistically significant differences between the traditional method and the game played in a large group in favour of children who played the game in the large group. The knowledge acquired was independent from gender and age. There were no statistically significant differences between learning in large groups or learning in pairs. In both cases, the children expressed their satisfaction for the game and found it easy to use. Therefore, playing games of this type collaboratively in large groups or in pairs can be a valuable learning method that can be combined with traditional methods. ; This work was funded by the Spanish Government (MICINN) in the APRENDRA project (TIN2009-14319-C02-01). We would like to thank the following for their contributions: - The "Escola d'Estiu" (UPV) and especially Juan Cano, Miguelon Gimenez, and Javier Irimia. - The Engeba school of Valencia (Spain). - Encama Torres, Juan Martinez, Sonia, and M. Jose Vicent for their help. - The children's ...

Background: Research confirms the existence of gender-based differences regarding the high-risk sexual behaviour (non-use of condoms and casual partners) of young men and women. The objectives were to provide evidence for this association; to analyse the reasons why both sexes have sexual relations with casual partners and to ascertain the motives for condom use or non-use during casual sex. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on a sample of 900 participants, 524 males and 376 females. All participants were 15-29 (20.93 ± 4.071) years of age and came from four different centres (a university, two secondary schools, and a military base) in Melilla (Spain). The participants were given a socio-demographic survey as well as a psychometric text on high-risk sexual behaviour. Results: The results found gender-based significant differences for sexual relations with penetration (p = 0.001), number of sexual partners (p = 0.001), and sexual relations with casual partners (p = 0.001). In all of these variables, male participants had higher percentages than female participants. Reasons for having casual sexual relations were also different for men and women, differences were found for the items, opportunity (p = 0.001), interest in knowing the other person (p = 0.015), physical excitement (p = 0.056) and drug consumption (p = 0.059). Regarding the reasons for consistent condom use with casual partners, there were differences for the item, my demand of a condom (p = 0.002). For the non-use of condoms with casual partners, differences were found for the items, I do not like to use condoms (p = 0.001) and condoms lessen sensitivity and reduce pleasure (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Men and women were found to have different high-risk sexual behaviours and practices. Of the motives for having sexual relations with casual partners, male participants considered opportunity and interest in knowing the other person to be more important than the female participants. Regarding condom use, the female participants' demand to use a condom was a significant gender-based difference. In contrast to the young women, the male participants mostly justified not using a condom because it lessened sensitivity and reduced pleasure.

A key issue in group recommendation is how to combine the individual preferences of different users that form a group and elicit a profile that accurately reflects the tastes of all members in the group. Most Group Recommender Systems (GRSs) make use of some sort of method for aggregating the preference models of individual users to elicit a recommendation that is satisfactory for the whole group. In general, most GRSs offer good results, but each of them have only been tested in one application domain. This paper describes a domain-independent GRS that has been used in two different application domains. In order to create the group preference model, we select two techniques that are widely used in other GRSs and we compare them with two novel techniques. Our aim is to come up with a model that weighs the preferences of all the individuals to the same extent in such a way that no member in the group is particularly satisfied or dissatisfied with the final recommendations. © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. ; Partial support provided by Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00022, Spanish Government Project MICINN TIN2008-6701-C03-01 and Valencian Government Project Prometeo 2008/051. FPU grant reference AP2009-1896 awarded to Sergio Pajares-Ferrando. ; García García, I.; Pajares Ferrando, S.; Sebastiá Tarín, L.; Onaindia De La Rivaherrera, E. (2012). Preference elicitation techniques for group recommender systems. Information Sciences. 189:155-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2011.11.037 ; S ; 155 ; 175 ; 189

e-Tourism is a tourist recommendation and planning application to assist users on the organization of a leisure and tourist agenda. First, a recommender system offers the user a list of the city places that are likely of interest to the user. This list takes into account the user demographic classification, the user likes in former trips and the preferences for the current visit. Second, a planning module schedules the list of recommended places according to their temporal characteristics as well as the user restrictions; that is the planning system determines how and when to realize the recommended activities. Having the list of recommended activities organized as an agenda (i.e. an executable plan), is a relevant characteristic that most recommender systems lack. ; This work has been partially funded by Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00022 project, by the Spanish Government MICINN TIN2008-6701-C03-01 project and by the Valencian Government GVPRE/2008/384 project. We thank J. Benton for having provided us with the system Sapa to execute our experiments. ; Sebastiá Tarín, L.; García García, I.; Onaindia De La Rivaherrera, E.; Gúzman Álvarez, CA. (2009). e-Tourism: a tourist recommendation and planning application. International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools. 18(5):717-738. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218213009000378 ; S ; 717 ; 738 ; 18 ; 5