Suchergebnisse

Achieving gender parity in primary education is one of the most complex educational issues with which many developing countries, including Turkey, struggle. In 2007 alone, Turkey had approximately 640,000 children of primary school age who were out of school, and around 60% of those were girls (UNESCO, 2010). For this study, "Haydi Kızlar Okula", which was one of the biggest and the most effective education campaigns implemented in Turkey, is analyzed to present a systematic evaluation of Turkey's current efforts to increase gender parity in access to education via this campaign. The results of our analysis show that although Turkey is making strides toward closing the gender gap in primary school participation, it is important to extend this effort without losing momentum, especially in the areas where gender disparity in access to education is the highest. Hence, campaigns devoted to female education through collaboration between the Turkish government and national or international foundations in the last decade should continue with some necessary changes and modifications. ; İlköğretime katılımda cinsiyet eşitsizliği, Türkiye de dahil olmak üzere gelişmekte olan birçok ülkenin karşılaştığı en karmaşık eğitim sorunlarındandır. Türkiye'de ilköğretim çağındaki yaklaşık 640,000 çocuk okula gitmemektedir ve cinsiyet eşitsizliğinden dolayı okul dışındaki bu çocukların 'ını kız çocukları oluşturmaktadır (UNESCO, 2010). Bu çalışma, Türkiye'de uygulanan en geniş ve etkili kampanyalardan birisi olan "Haydi Kızlar Okula" kampanyası üzerinden Türkiye'nin eğitimde cinsiyet eşitliğini sağlamadaki çabalarını analiz etmektedir. Çalışmanın sonuçları Türkiye'nin eğitimde cinsiyet eşitliğinin sağlanması konusunda son yıllarda büyük aşamalar katettiğini, ancak bu çabaların özellikle en çok ihtiyaç duyulan bölgelerde hız kaybetmeden devam ettirilmesi gerektiğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu kapsamda, son yıllarda ulusal veya uluslararası kurumlarla işbirliği içerisinde gerçekleştirilen ve kız çocuklarının eğitime katılımlarının ...

Investigates how leaders in Turkey's political sphere have hindered democratic consolidationExplores political leaders and their impact on democracyReveals a salient pattern of authoritarianism and undemocratic behaviour amongst political leaders to account for Turkey's inability to consolidate democracy in its multi-party historyIncorporates a study of both intra-party rule and leadership in the broader political context to offer a fuller understanding of the forces that have shaped political developments in the countryUses interviews and Turkish and English sources to build an empirically rich documentation of Turkey's multi-party historyOffers scholars of democracy and democratisation lessons into the role elites play in democractic breakdownsThis longitudinal study reveals how the conduct of political leaders has been central to the shortcomings of the Turkey's democratic system. The most prominent political leaders, from the birth of the Republic until today, have all displayed a desire to sustain their rule through authoritarian and undemocratic measures. This has ensured efforts to improve, strengthen and respect democratic institutions and practices have been weak or non-existent across the multi-party era. In turn, the chapters identify how the leaders' values, beliefs and practices underwritten by authoritarianism, have resulted in the tenuous existence of democracy, oscillating between simply enduring and failure during the periods they occupied the seats of political power. By looking at the Turkish experience, the book also offers comparative lessons and insights into the role political leaders play in the survival or failure of democracy

Döviz kuru; hammadde, enerji, teknolojik ürünler gibi girdilerin maliyetlerini etkilemesi, dış borçların çevrilebilirliği, kurdaki oynaklıkların ekonomi üzerinde yaratacağı riskler gibi birçok nedenle en önemli ekonomik göstergelerden biridir. Çalışmada yapay sinir ağları ve derin öğrenme metoduyla USD/TRY döviz kurunun ay sonu değerlerinin, mevcut ay içerisinde veri açıklama takvimi doğrultusunda yayınlanan makroekonomik veriler üzerinden tahmin edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. 05:2006 – 08:2022 dönemini kapsayan aylık formatta hazırlanmış verilerin kullanıldığı çalışmanın ilk aşamasında veriler eğitim, doğrulama ve test setleri olarak ayrıştırılarak farklı katman ve nöron sayıları ile farklı derin öğrenme mimarileri denenmiş ve en uygun model tespit edilmiştir. İkinci aşamada Çapraz Doğrulama Yöntemi kullanılarak tespit edilen modelin tutarlılığı incelenmiş ve elde edilen bulgular sonucunda modelin tutarlılığına yönelik olumlu sonuçlara ulaşılmıştır. Son aşamada Eylül 2022 ve Ekim 2022 ay sonu USD/TRY döviz kurları, oluşturulan derin öğrenme modeli ile tahmin edilmiştir. Derin öğrenme modelinin belli hata sınırları içerisinde gerçek değerlere oldukça yakın tahmin değerleri üretebildiği, ayrıca kullanılan bağımsız değişkenlerin USD/TRY döviz kurunun ay sonu seviyesini tahmin etme gücüne sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

This article compares Turkish foreign policy in the post-Davutoğlu era with the previous period and analyzes the changes and continuities in these two periods. In the first years of the Justice and Development Party (AK Party) period, the Davutoğlu era, Turkish foreign policy featured soft power and cooperation-based characteristics. While maintaining its proactive and multi-dimensional aspects, there were three crucial changes in Turkish foreign policy in the post-Davutoğlu era. First, the elimination of the Fetullah Terror Organization (FETÖ) network from the state institutions and organizations after the July 15 coup attempt contributed to the effective functioning of the state, more autonomous foreign policy, and successful military operations. Second, Türkiye adopted a new security concept aiming to eradicate the sources of terrorism both within and outside its borders and began to use more hard power. Third, Türkiye increased its capabilities in crisis management in its relations with great powers and managed its autonomous foreign policy. These three changes in the post-Davutoğlu era led to increasing realism, autonomous foreign policy, and the rise of deterrence and the sphere of regional influence.

In the enterprises, the fact that the employees are motivated well depends on their managers and the employees' performance. Employees' performance is supported through theories but the targets can be achieved by action. In managing the enterprises which continue their existence for attaining certain aims, it is quite important for them to be motivated in achieving success and efficiency. Motivation is a necessity. Its existence makes the enterprise reach its targets. Its absence vanquishes the enterprise from the market. The aim of using motivation factors is to make the employees be successful in all activity areas. In our study, it was elaborated on the motivation and performance differences of public and private sector enterprises, and it was seen that the motivation variables employed by the managers in different sectors display different performances by the managers in different sectors. Because of that this concept which has gained importance today in all areas and sectors involves economic and organizational factors which differ as to the enterprises ad play a role in the development of enterprises, these factors were elaborated in our research. In the name of examining the motivation and its factors, it was conducted a comparative practice based on the public and private sectors, and when the statistical results based on the data is considered, it was concluded that there is a significant difference. Motivation variables in the public sector have differences from the private sector in terms of practice and perception. When an examination is applied by including authority and laws and regulations, the mandatory practices harden the application of motivation factors and even make them impossible. It was concluded from this difference that motivation factors emerge a bit more in the public sector, but it was faced with problems in using them on behalf of the employee in practice. In our research, the survey method was used, and our study was analyzed in Statistics Program SPSS 17.0 medium. It was conducted the evaluation of the tables, and it was brought forward conclusions and recommendations. Keywords: Motivation, Motive, Need, behavior, Public, Private Sector