Targeting OGG1 arrests cancer cell proliferation by inducing replication stress
Altered oncogene expression in cancer cells causes loss of redox homeostasis resulting in oxidative DNA damage, e.g. 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), repaired by base excision repair (BER). PARP1 coordinates BER and relies on the upstream 8-oxoguanine-DNA glycosylase (OGG1) to recognise and excise 8-oxoG. Here we hypothesize that OGG1 may represent an attractive target to exploit reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation in cancer. Although OGG1 depletion is well tolerated in non-transformed cells, we report here that OGG1 depletion obstructs A3 T-cell lymphoblastic acute leukemia growth in vitro and in vivo, validating OGG1 as a potential anti-cancer target. In line with this hypothesis, we show that OGG1 inhibitors (OGG1i) target a wide range of cancer cells, with a favourable therapeutic index compared to non-transformed cells. Mechanistically, OGG1i and shRNA depletion cause S-phase DNA damage, replication stress and proliferation arrest or cell death, representing a novel mechanistic approach to target cancer. This study adds OGG1 to the list of BER factors, e.g. PARP1, as potential targets for cancer treatment. ; S.R.P.'s laboratory is partially funded by funds from the Spanish National Research and Development Plan, Instituto de Salud Carlos III and FEDER [PI17/02303 to S.R.P]; R.T.R. is supported by a fellowship from the AECC scientific foundation; J.M.B. is supported by Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport [FPU15/01978]; J.B.'s laboratory is partially funded by FEDER funds, H2020 BRIDGES project and the Spanish Network on Rare Diseases (CIBERER) [FIS PI16/00440]; Faculty of Medicine at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology and the Central Norway Regional Health Authority supports [46056921 to A.S. and H.E.K.]; Svanhild and Arne Must's Fund for Medical Research (to A.S. and H.E.K.); Norwegian Research Council (to T.V.); SIN-TEF SEP project 102020885 (to T.V.); Vinnova (to A.C.K and P.S.); the Torsten and Ragnar Soderberg Foundation (to T.H.) and the Helleday Foundation (to C.B.). Funding for open access charge and project support: European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programunder the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement [722729 to A.P., B.M.F.H., T.H.]; European Research Council [ERC TAROX-695376 to T.H.]; Swedish Research Council (to T.H. and P.S.); Swedish Cancer Society (to T.H. and P.S.); Swedish Children's Cancer Foundation (to T.H.); Swedish Pain Relief Foundation (to T.H.). ; Sí