Suchergebnisse

The establishment of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in 1998 constitutes a landmark in the development of International Criminal Law (ICL), which gained its first momentum after World War II through the foundation of International Military Tribunals in Nuremberg and Tokyo. ICL is, however, not confined to these most prominent courts or their statutes providing for definitions of international crimes under their respective jurisdiction; rather, ad hoc international, or internationalized and hybrid special tribunals and criminal chambers also contribute to the development and shape of ICL and reflect its diverse legal and institutional basis. Perceived as another tribunal of "international character," on August 18, 2020, the Special Tribunal for Lebanon (STL) pronounced its judgment on the merits in the Ayyash case. The long-awaited verdict raises the question of the Tribunal's contribution to the further evolution of ICL.

Migration is a phenomenon that has shaped the history of mankind. While migration has had a strong internal dimension (domestic migration) for a long time, the increasing migration flows crossing borders within the last decades have brought this topic to the core of international legal and political debates. States and societies feel challenged by the tasks and responsibilities of managing migration and the moral duties of humanity associated with this. In these debates, a 'right to asylum' is often invoked – partly as a nightmare scenario, partly to narrow the corridors of political deliberation and action. International law does, however, not provide for a right to be granted asylum. Yet, international refugee as well as human rights law contain provisions capable of substituting for the absence of a right to receive asylum to a great extent. In the end, it is the effective protection of human rights globally that serves as the best response to the challenges of migration as it might reduce the reasons inciting or forcing people to leave their home countries. ; Migration is a phenomenon that has shaped the history of mankind. While migration has had a strong internal dimension (domestic migration) for a long time, the increasing migration flows crossing borders within the last decades have brought this topic to the core of international legal and political debates. States and societies feel challenged by the tasks and responsibilities of managing migration and the moral duties of humanity associated with this. In these debates, a 'right to asylum' is often invoked – partly as a nightmare scenario, partly to narrow the corridors of political deliberation and action. International law does, however, not provide for a right to be granted asylum. Yet, international refugee as well as human rights law contain provisions capable of substituting for the absence of a right to receive asylum to a great extent. In the end, it is the effective protection of human rights globally that serves as the best response to the challenges of migration as it might reduce the reasons inciting or forcing people to leave their home countries.

Das Lehrbuch vermittelt das grundlegende Wissen über das Recht der Europäischen Union, einschließlich seiner Geschichte, Grundlagen und Funktionslogiken, und setzt Schwerpunkte in besonders praxis- und prüfungsrelevanten Bereichen wie dem Binnenmarkt und den Grundfreiheiten, den Werten und Grundrechten sowie dem Wettbewerbsrecht. Auch die Wechselbezüglichkeiten mit den nationalen Rechtsordnungen werden vertieft, wobei geographisch erstmals Grenzen überschritten werden: Durch die vergleichende Betrachtung der deutschen und österreichischen Rechtsordnungen erhoffen sich die Autoren einen Erkenntnisgewinn für deutsche und österreichische Studierende gleichermaßen. Die Aufbereitung aktueller Entwicklungen, insbesondere in der Rechtsprechung, sowie Prüfungsschemata, Übungsfälle, Tabellen und Schaubilder sollen das Rechtsverständnis erleichtern und die Leserschaft für europarechtliche Debatten und Prüfungen in Deutschland und Österreich rüsten. Dazu werden auch Herausforderungen für die Europäische Integration (etwa Corona-Pandemie, Brexit, Migrationsströme oder der Angriffskrieg der Russischen Föderation gegen die Ukraine) behandelt. Die Autoren: Prof. Dr. Stephan Hobe, LL.M. ist Inhaber des Lehrstuhls für Völkerrecht, Europarecht, europäisches und internationales Wirtschaftsrecht und Jean-Monnet-Professor für das Recht der Europäischen Integration an der Universität zu Köln. Prof. Dr. Michael Lysander Fremuth ist Universitätsprofessor für Grund- und Menschenrechte am Institut für Staats- und Verwaltungsrecht der Universität Wien sowie wissenschaftlicher Direktor des Ludwig Boltzmann Instituts für Grund- und Menschenrechte.

The United Nations (UN) Security Council (UNSC) is endowed with the primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security under Art. 24 (1) of the Charter of the United Nations (UNC). The establishment of the ad hoc criminal tribunals for Yugoslavia and Rwanda in the 1990s under Chapter VII of the unc has shown that individual criminal accountability for international core crimes belongs to the instruments to address threats to or breaches of peace (Art. 39 of the UNC). With the International Criminal Court (ICC) a permanent institution has been established to sanction the commission of international core crimes. Acting under Chapter VII, the unsc is entitled to refer a situation to the ICC according to Art. 13 (b) of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Rome Statute), as well as to defer proceedings (Art. 16 of the Rome Statute). By using their veto power each of the five permanent members of the unsc might block both types of resolutions. While a veto against an ICC referral resolution might hinder the Court from fulfilling its mandate (destructive veto), blocking a deferral resolution might enable the Court to continue its fight against impunity (constructive veto). This article discusses whether obligations stemming from the unc and other sources of public international law, in particular human rights, might impact the decisions of the unsc and the veto exercise in particular in both cases. It intends to contribute to the ongoing discussion by several reflections on the veto powers, and concludes that, even though the veto powers might be influenced by these legal sources, it will be difficult to guide the conduct of the five unsc Permanent Members (P5) with regard to the ICC.