Suchergebnisse

Inspirado no conceito de 'colonialidade do poder', tal como proposto por Quijano, viso neste ensaio refletir sobre a relação entre o 'feminismo' e o universo candomblecista. Através de um resgate de fragmentos da história dos terreiros no Brasil, questiono o quanto poderá ser a leitura do candomblé enquanto um 'matriarcado' uma imposição da agenda feminista acadêmica. E, assim o sendo, uma relação regulatória entre a academia e o 'mundo das práticas' que, em última análise, acaba por suprimir uma alternativa 'feminista negra candomblecista' em detrimento de um modelo internacionalista de 'ser-se feminista'. Abrindo mão do universo estritamente ritualístico desta religião de terreiro, apoio-me nos debates feministas e pós-coloniais contra o eurocentrismo para reforçar, claramente, a necessidade de promover-se uma reflexão epistemológica em prol de um feminismo negro situado: localizado e enunciado filosoficamente desde os terreiros. Palavras-chave: Candomblé; Descolonialidade; Pós-colonialismo; Feminismo; Subjetivação

Neste trabalho pretende-se tecer breves reflexões acerca da segurança alimentar face à utilização das chamadas "tecnologias transgênicas" que marcaram a Nova Revolução Verde (a 2º R.V.) desde a década de 1990. No cerne do debate está uma crítica epistemológica aos paradigmas que projetam na relação do humano com a natureza (aqui destacada pela produção de alimentos) ideários de produtividade, dominação e de livre manipulação do meio-ambiente. Os benefícios emergentes de tais práticas nos discursos econômicos e políticos contrastam com os indícios de riscos à saúde humana ancorados em testes científicos: mais do que um movimento humanitário de "combate à fome", as políticas atuais de segurança alimentar vêm se apresentando como resultado prático de uma leitura [cientificista] da realidade tributária de paradigmas fundamentados em outras formas (proto)capitalistas do passado, como o colonialismo/imperialismo. Para entender este fenómeno de forma ampla, uma crítica epistemológica faz-se imperativa.

There are several phenomena that although seemingly isolated, point out to a relationship between State's punitive and/or population control policies and the criminalization of specific social groups. However, if we take as reference the very crisis experienced by the European Union, it is possible to perceive an ambiguity with respect to non-European immigration in contemporary Europe, that interchanges the punitive discourse with an "integration" discourse based on multicultural policies. The Ulysses syndrome, a psychiatric model increasingly popular in the EU States, explains the specific symptoms of non-European immigrants and highlights the contradictions in that relationship. Both in the field of "health", as to in the prison policy, the EU extends potentially as a laboratory of the "colonial gaze" in which the non-European immigrant, especially the "illegal", is increasingly being understood as a person that opposes the notion of "modernity". Based on the correlation between State/border control policy, this paper aims to review this complex context from a post-colonial critical perspective. ; Vários são os fenómenos aparentemente isolados que vêm apontar uma relação entre as políticas punitivas e/ou de controlo populacional dos Estados e a "criminalização" de determinados grupos sociais. No entanto, se tomarmos como referência a própria crise vivenciada pela União Europeia, é possível perceber-se uma ambiguidade em relação à imigração "extracomunitária" na Europa contemporânea que ora intercambia o discurso punitivo com um discurso de "integração" baseado em políticas multiculturais. A síndrome de Ulisses, modelo psiquiátrico cada vez mais popular nos Estados da U.E. para explicar a sintomatologia específica de imigrantes não-europeus, vem evidenciar as contradições desta relação. Tanto no campo da "saúde", quanto da política carcerária, a U.E. prolonga-se potencialmente como um laboratório do "olhar colonial", no qual o imigrante extracomunitário - principalmente o "ilegal" - vem sendo crescentemente compreendido como um ser que se contrapõe à noção de "modernidade". A partir da correlação Estado/política de controlo de fronteiras pretende-se aqui revisitar este complexo contexto em perspectiva pós-colonial crítica.

Este trabajo se propone reflexionar sobre la construcción del "ser" en las religiones "afro-brasileñas" en Portugal, a partir de la inversión simbólica de la subalternidad de grupos en la sociedad y/o en contextos de 'sufrimiento' individual, cuya performance es elaborada a través de las expresiones culturales/religiosas de la (re)construcción del mundo mediante las dificultades del día a día. Estas religiones poseen variadas formaciones rituales que pueden observarse en Brasil, inclusive en términos de afirmación identitaria y política de grupos que se identifican con las 'culturas' afro-referenciadas, y cuyos cultos representan personajes de la historia colonial brasileña a través de sus 'entidades espirituales'. No obstante, pretendo centrarme en las manifestaciones de este proceso: la reciente transnacionalización en Portugal de estas prácticas que, en el 'nuevo local', tienden a revelar nuevos elementos. Entre ellos, una especie de simbolismo para una 'eficacia política' manifiesta por la importante función de los espacios de culto en la formación de 'pais-de-santo' para que la religión pueda expandirse, mientras pretende «cambiar la mentalidad política y social» en países industrializados para que las relaciones globales de poder, sobre todo económicas y políticas, sean reconfiguradas ; This study focuses on the construction of the 'self' into the 'afro-Brazilian' religions in Portugal from the role of symbolic inversion of the subaltern groups in society and/or in contexts of individual suffering in general, whose performance is developed through cultural expressions of the (re)construction of the world through the difficulties of everyday life. These religions have different formations observable in their rituals in Brazil, including in terms of identity end political assertion of social groups that recognized themselves in 'afro-referenced cultures'. These cults represent, for example, characters of the Brazilian colonial history through its 'spiritual entities'. However, I intend to focus on the manifestations of this process that seems to be the 'new establishment' of the transnationalization of these practices in Portugal, that into the 'new local' tend to reveal new elements. Among them a kind of symbolism for a 'political effectiveness' manifest thought the significance of the formation of 'pais-de-santo' (spiritual leaders) in search of expanding their ritual places of cult. Their purpose in the 'new local' of cult is to "change the mentality" and the social policy in "industrialized countries" viewing the construction of a new paradigm - especially social and political - in the relationship between countries of the North over countries of the South

This article develops a reflexive and interpretive analysis of the life of children in superdiversity contexts, systematizing some of its impacts on the construction of a children's citizenship, with particular reference to the Portuguese case. The article promotes the conceptual construction of the child in the 21st century through the correlation of qualitative analysis variables based on a multidisciplinary and/or interdisciplinary theoretical framework. The article introduces the child protection system in Portugal within a framework of European and international influences. It identifies the indicators present in public policies and in the social welfare system that affect child protection in a cross-analysis with the professional practices that intervene with children and families. The author addresses the questions of the ecosocial dimension in the territorialized intervention of family policies in contemporary and multiple approaches to superdiversity. For policy-makers and practitioners in local government, NGOs and social services, appreciating the dimensions and dynamics of superdiversity has profound implications for how they might understand and deal with modes of difference and their interactions within the population. The article concludes with a systematization on the current problems regarding the child as a citizen in contemporary society. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Resumo Partindo-se de um campo etnográfico dedicado à realidade da comunidade afro-equatoriana "La Chiquita", nomeadamente quanto à sua luta pelo território ancestral que é-lhe de direito face à desterritorialização promovida pelo avanço do monocultivo de palma azeiteira, propomos: (I) compreender a dimensão da «colonialidade» do Estado no interior deste conflito, incluindo-se o ethos disciplinar e institucional que interpreta a negritude; e (II) identificar e analisar as diversas formas de resistência desta comunidade em resposta a tal estrutura sociopolítica vertical, trazendo à tona as narrativas do seu contexto desde uma crítica centrada na epistemologia e na sociologia jurídica.

Este registo pertence ao Repositório Científico do LNEC ; On invitation by the Ministry of Water Resources of China an EU study mission to the Yellow River basin took place from the 6th to the 16th of April, in the context of and supported by the EU China River Basin Management Programme (RBMP). The current report is based on the experts´ personal views collected during the mission, which brought together a group of 9 representatives from different European Union (EU) Member States (MS). The European experts had a unique opportunity to learn about China's water management experience and noted ample opportunities for the development of further China-Europe collaboration on river basin management. The mission team has appreciated cooperation priorities expressed by Chinese hosts while focusing on common challenges and future mutual benefit. Visions for future cooperation have been grouped into four specific areas of interest, namely those related to water quantity aspects; water quality aspects; soil and water conservation; and water governance. The last section highlights aspects that are transversally relevant to the other themes. It was emphasised that such thematic division has been made for analytical purposes and may contradict the concept of a river basin as a complex system in which water quantity; water quality; sediments; land-use and social institutions continuously interact to determine environmental status and provide socio-economic benefits. In each area of interest, the mission identified achievements, common challenges and future cooperation potential, in which joint research opportunities were included. In addition, views on sustaining cooperation in the long-term future, namely through the establishment of a "China Europe Water Platform", were also explored. ; Lobo Ferreira, J. P. C., R. Silveira, A; ; et al. (+ 8 co-autores) ; 20 figs ; 29 pp ; EU-China River Basin Management Programme EU Mission to the Yellow River – Final Report. ; DHA/NAS

AbstractNotwithstanding the improvements already achieved in recent decades through regional and urban scale actions implemented across Europe, air pollution is still a major environment and health concern for Europeans. The quantitative assessment of the different sources of air pollution in regional/urban areas is crucial to support the design of accurate air quality plans. Source apportionment techniques are capable to relate air pollutant concentrations to existing emission sources activities and regions. The selection of the appropriate source apportionment technique to apply to a given area should take into account the ultimate goal of the study. Despite the growing number of studies that include source apportionment techniques, there is still a lack of works that summarise information on this topic in a systematic way. In this work, a literature review of studies applying SA techniques, published between 2010 and 2021, was performed. Additionally, this review summarizes the differences among the different source apportionment techniques, with focus on source-oriented models, highlighting their purpose and their advantages and disadvantages. Results shows that the number of studies using source apportionment source-oriented models has been increasing across the years, with 59% using tagged species methods, 28% brute force methods, and 13% other methods. This source-oriented models have been mostly applied for PM2.5, to assess the causes of air pollution levels.