Suchergebnisse

El nuevo arancel de aduanas aliminó restricciones. Pero el nuevo Código Tributario, mediante la exención discriminada del ITBIS y el impuesto selectivo al consumo produce un efecto protector sobre ramas de la industria local. El artículo estudia el efecto protector de estos dos instrumentos en todo el sector manufacturero, en particular se hace estimación del impacto en la Tasa de Protección Efectiva.

En todo el mundo se irradia y se han irradiado por muchos años, diversos tipos de alimentos. En este trabajo se hace una labor de recopilación de los principales alimentos irradiados, sobre todo aquellos que tienen vigencia en nuestro país. Se analiza la irradiación de bulbos, sobre todo las papas y cebollas, las frutas, y varios tipos de granos y cereales; así como los pollos, por la importancia actual para nosotros y a continuación los pescados, por la importancia posible. De modo más general se estudian otros productos irradiados como el ajo, las salchichas, las carnes, huevo en polvo. En cada caso se señalan las dosis de irradiación aceptadas y los fines perseguidos por la irradiación. La información sobre los países que aceptan cada tipo de alimento irradiado puede ser útil para fines de exportación.

En este artículo, después de definir la irradiación y describir los procedimientos usuales para la misma, se estudia la naturaleza de la radiaciones electromagnéticas gamma y su origen nuclear para poder demostrar que la irradiación no hace radioactivos a los alimentos y para conocimiento de la actividad de las fuentes. A continuación se señalan los conceptos químico-biológicos necesarios y se explica el mecanismo mediante el cual la radiación influye sobre las células orgánicas y los efectos ventajosos o perjudiciales que puede producir.

This article, the result of research, argues that information technology (IT) and its adoption in modern organizations, have gone from being an operational tool to become a strategic tool. The so isolated and independent, technology is a mechanism that makes partial contributions to achieve corporate strategic achievement, but not a solution in themselves to achieve performance objectives, competitiveness, retention and customer growth or increased coverage of an organization. A mid-90s born the concept "Government IT (GTI)". For the government of information technology is essential to define the basic responsibilities of any organization against the establishment of strategies, risk management and continuous improvement. Excellent results in the implementation of IT governance requires align IT strategies with business strategies or organization. In this document the importance of IT governance describes a methodology and implementation for universities is presented by GTI4U model. The validation of the methodology will take place in the domain or the higher education sector in Colombia by analyzing a case study in the Corporación Universitaria Comfacauca. ; El presente artículo, resultado de investigación, plantea que las tecnologías de información (TI), ysu adopción en las organizaciones modernas, han pasado de ser un instrumento operativo paraconvertirse en una herramienta estratégica. La tecnología, de manera aislada e independiente, esun mecanismo que hace aportes parciales para alcanzar el logro estratégico institucional, pero noconstituyen una solución por sí mismas para lograr los objetivos de desempeño, competitividad,retención y aumento de clientes o incremento de la cobertura de una organización. A mediados delos 90 nace el concepto "Gobierno de las TI (GTI)". Para el gobierno de las tecnologías de lainformación es fundamental definir las responsabilidades básicas de toda organización frente alestablecimiento de estrategias, gestión de riesgos y mejoramiento continuo. Obtener excelentesresultados en la implantación del gobierno de las TI requiere alinear las estrategias de las TI con lasestrategias del negocio u organización. En este documento se describe la importancia del gobiernode las TI y se presenta una propuesta metodológica de implementación para las universidadesmediante el modelo GTI4U. La validación de la propuesta metodológica se realizará en el dominioo sector de la educación superior en Colombia mediante el análisis de un caso de estudio en laCorporación Universitaria Comfacauca.

This article presents a reference model for the implementation of the Government of Information Technologies(GTI) for Higher Education Institutions (IES) in Colombia, characterized by presenting the guidelines to be taken intoaccount for the implementation of the GTI in the IES . The model is made up of good practices, level of measurementof capacity and maturity and GTI indicators in relation to each of the principles of the ISO 38500 standard. Likewise,the model is based on the mission functions established by the IES in Colombia with the purpose of performing a riskanalysis in relation to compliance with the objectives of the IT strategic plan (PETI) of the IES. Based on the model, a webtool called "Diagnosis and Self-assessment of the capacity and maturity of the TIG" was developed, which will facilitatethe process of self-assessment and support in decision-making related to the integration of IT in the university. ; El presente artículo plantea un modelo de referencia para la implantación del Gobierno de las Tecnologíasde la Información (GTI) para Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) en Colombia, caracterizado por presentar laspautas a tener en cuenta para la implantación del GTI en la IES. El modelo está conformado por las buenas prácticas, nivel de medición de la capacidad y madurez e indicadores de GTI en relación a cada uno de los principios de la norma ISO 38500. Al igual, el modelo se basa en las funciones misionales establecidas por la IES en Colombia con el propósito de realizar un análisis del riesgo en relación al cumplimiento de los objetivos del plan estratégico de las TI (PETI) de las IES. Con base al modelo, se desarrolló una herramienta web denominada "Diagnóstico y Autoevaluación de la capacidad y madurez del GTI", que facilitará el proceso de autoevaluación y apoyo en la toma de decisiones relacionadas con la integración de las TI en la universidad

Physical activity is an important tool for promoting women's health. Increasing adherence to physical activity is a challenge for governments and private entities. One of the main objectives of the fitness sector is to build customer loyalty. Their behavioural intentions according to gender and age may be a determining factor. The aim of this study was to establish a model that relates the fitness centre's quality as perceived by female customers, these customers' future intentions, satisfaction, and age. A total of 745 women participated in this study, with a mean age of 32.97 ± 14.11, divided into three age groups. A confirmatory analysis, a factor invariance analysis, and a multi-group analysis were conducted to verify the validity and reliability of the model. The results revealed that quality is an antecedent of both perceived value and satisfaction in the three age groups. Perceived value is a precursor of satisfaction, except in the group of women over 45 years old. The only antecedent to adaptation to price is quality, except in the older age group. Finally, perceived value was found to be related to adaptation to price. These results will facilitate the development of strategies to promote physical activity among women according to their age.

The aim of this study was to determine the association of levels of physical activity (PA), physical fitness (PF), sedentary lifestyle and life satisfaction with the intention to be physically active after secondary school graduation, in teenagers of both genders. A total of 1986 Spanish adolescents (12-16 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. PA, sedentary lifestyle, life satisfaction and intention to be physically active were assessed through validated questionnaires, and PF was evaluated objectively with the ALPHA battery tests. In both genders, adolescents who had significantly higher odds ratios (OR) of showing low intention to be physically active had low level of PA, cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular fitness in the lower body, and they were more sedentary in front of the computer. The girls that spent a lot of time watching TV and the boys with low life satisfaction also showed higher OR of having low intention to be physically active. ; This study received support from the »University Teaching Staff programme«, implemented by the Spanish Government, the Ministry of Education (AP–2009–3829).

The aim of this study was to examine the association between physical self-concept and physical activity, the intention to be physically active, life satisfaction, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in adolescents. A total of 1,808 Spanish adolescents (12-16 years of age) participated in this cross-sectional study. Physical Self Questionnaire, Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity Screening Measure, Intention to be Physically Active Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, and Mediterranean Diet Quality Index were administered. The boys with a lower physical self-concept showed higher odd ratios of being inactive, having low intentions of being physically active, poor life satisfaction and low adherence to the Mediterranean diet. Similarly, most of the associations were also statistically significant in girls as well. In conclusion, the study reveals that having a low level of physical self-concept increases the risk of being inactive and of having a low level of intention to be physically active, life satisfaction and adherence to the Mediterranean diet in adolescents. ; The study received a grant from the University Teaching Staff programme, implemented by the Spanish Government, Ministry of Education (AP-2009-3829).

Physical activity is an important tool for promoting women's health. Increasing adherence to physical activity is a challenge for governments and private entities. One of the main objectives of the fitness sector is to build customer loyalty. Their behavioural intentions according to gender and age may be a determining factor. The aim of this study was to establish a model that relates the fitness centre's quality as perceived by female customers, these customers' future intentions, satisfaction, and age. A total of 745 women participated in this study, with a mean age of 32.97 +/- 14.11, divided into three age groups. A confirmatory analysis, a factor invariance analysis, and a multi-group analysis were conducted to verify the validity and reliability of the model. The results revealed that quality is an antecedent of both perceived value and satisfaction in the three age groups. Perceived value is a precursor of satisfaction, except in the group of women over 45 years old. The only antecedent to adaptation to price is quality, except in the older age group. Finally, perceived value was found to be related to adaptation to price. These results will facilitate the development of strategies to promote physical activity among women according to their age