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International audience ; Project's idea is a new paradigm of pig production systems and development of sustainable pork chains based on European local pig breeds which are held in less intensive systems, use locally available feeding resources and are adapted to local agro-climatic conditions. Local pig breeds provide products with typical, generally high sensory quality and regional identity searched by consumers. Despite revived interest, these breeds are mainly untapped and often remain endangered. The few successful examples in Europe demonstrate that the best conservation strategy is to ensure breed is self-sustaining resulting from good valorisation of pork products. As their productivity is low, local pork chains can become sustainable only when their genetic potential is benefited, production systems optimised and their products viable on the market. To enhance sustainability of pork chains based on local breeds, it is essential to gain scientific proofs of their genetic singularity, productive potential and product qualities, to develop genetic tools for authentication and breeding, to optimize pig nutrition and management (enhance welfare, use of local feeding resources), to evaluate their environmental impact, to assess consumers' attitudes, acceptability and purchase intentions, and to develop adapted marketing strategies. In addition, project promotes knowledge exchange and building of functional networks among regions esp. by means of creating an 'umbrella' trade mark as exploitation booster. These challenges are addressed by the project and will be presented. Funded by European Union's H2020 RIA program (grant agreement no. 634476).

Project's idea is a new paradigm of pig production systems and development of sustainable pork chains based on European local pig breeds which are held in less intensive systems, use locally available feeding resources and are adapted to local agro-climatic conditions. Local pig breeds provide products with typical, generally high sensory quality and regional identity searched by consumers. Despite revived interest, these breeds are mainly untapped and often remain endangered. The few successful examples in Europe demonstrate that the best conservation strategy is to ensure breed is self-sustaining resulting from good valorisation of pork products. As their productivity is low, local pork chains can become sustainable only when their genetic potential is benefited, production systems optimised and their products viable on the market. To enhance sustainability of pork chains based on local breeds, it is essential to gain scientific proofs of their genetic singularity, productive potential and product qualities, to develop genetic tools for authentication and breeding, to optimize pig nutrition and management (enhance welfare, use of local feeding resources), to evaluate their environmental impact, to assess consumers' attitudes, acceptability and purchase intentions, and to develop adapted marketing strategies. In addition, project promotes knowledge exchange and building of functional networks among regions esp. by means of creating an 'umbrella' trade mark as exploitation booster. These challenges are addressed by the project and will be presented. Funded by European Union's H2020 RIA program (grant agreement no. 634476).

23 Pág. (This article belongs to the Special Issue Transcriptomics in Autochthonous Breeds or Populations of Livestock and Aquaculture Species) ; This work was aimed at evaluating loin transcriptome and metabolic pathway differences between the two main Serbian local pig breeds with divergent characteristics regarding muscle growth and fatness, as well as exploring nutrigenomic effects of tannin supplementation in Mangalitsa (MA) pigs. The study comprised 24 Mangalitsa and 10 Moravka (MO) males, which were kept under identical management conditions. Mangalitsa animals were divided in two nutritional groups (n = 12) receiving a standard (control) or tannin-supplemented diet (1.5%; MAT). Moravka pigs were fed the standard mixture. All animals were slaughtered at a similar age; 120 kg of average live weight (LW) and loin tissue was used for RNA-seq analysis. Results showed 306 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) according to breed, enriched in genes involved in growth, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism and muscle development, such as PDK4, FABP4, MYOD1 and STAT3, as well as a relevant number of genes involved in mitochondrial respiratory activity (MT-NDs, NDUFAs among others). Oxidative phosphorylation was the most significantly affected pathway, activated in Mangalitsa muscle, revealing the basis of a different muscle metabolism. Also, many other relevant pathways were affected by breed and involved in oxidative stress response, fat accumulation and development of skeletal muscle. Results also allowed the identification of potential regulators and causal networks such as those controlled by FLCN, PPARGC1A or PRKAB1 with relevant regulatory roles on DEGs involved in mitochondrial and lipid metabolism, or IL3 and TRAF2 potentially controlling DEGs involved in muscle development. The Tannin effect on transcriptome was small, with only 23 DEGs, but included interesting ones involved in lipid deposition such as PPARGC1B. The results indicate a significant effect of the breed on muscle tissue gene expression, affecting relevant biological pathways and allowing the identification of strong regulatory candidate genes to underlie the gene expression and phenotypic differences between the compared groups. ; This research was funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 634476 (Project acronym: TREASURE). The contents of this manuscript reflects only the views of the authors and the European Union Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. MCP is co-financed by Slovenian Research Agency (grant P4-0133). ; Peer reviewed

Preserving diversity of indigenous pig (Sus scrofa) breeds is a key factor to (i) sustain the pork chain (both at local and global scales) including the production of high-quality branded products, (ii) enrich the animal biobanking and (iii) progress conservation policies. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips offer the opportunity for whole-genome comparisons among individuals and breeds. Animals from twenty European local pigs breeds, reared in nine countries (Croatia: Black Slavonian, Turopolje; France: Basque, Gascon; Germany: Schwabisch-Hällisches Schwein; Italy: Apulo Calabrese, Casertana, Cinta Senese, Mora Romagnola, Nero Siciliano, Sarda; Lithuania: Indigenous Wattle, White Old Type; Portugal: Alentejana, Bísara; Serbia: Moravka, Swallow-Bellied Mangalitsa; Slovenia: Krškopolje pig; Spain: Iberian, Majorcan Black), and three commercial breeds (Duroc, Landrace and Large White) were sampled and genotyped with the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) 70 K HD porcine genotyping chip. A dataset of 51 Wild Boars from nine countries was also added, summing up to 1186 pigs (~ 49 pigs/ breed). The aim was to: (i) investigate individual admixture ancestries and (ii) assess breed traceability via discriminant analysis on principal components (DAPC). Albeit the mosaic of shared ancestries found for Nero Siciliano, Sarda and Moravka, admixture analysis indicated independent evolvement for the rest of the breeds. High prediction accuracy of DAPC mark SNP data as a reliable solution for the traceability of breed-specific pig products. ; This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 634476 for the project with acronym TREASURE. The content of this article reflects only the authors' view and the European Union Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. MŠ and MČP received core-financing by the Slovenian Research Agency (grant number P4-0133). ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

13 Pág. ; Preserving diversity of indigenous pig (Sus scrofa) breeds is a key factor to (i) sustain the pork chain (both at local and global scales) including the production of high-quality branded products, (ii) enrich the animal biobanking and (iii) progress conservation policies. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chips offer the opportunity for whole-genome comparisons among individuals and breeds. Animals from twenty European local pigs breeds, reared in nine countries (Croatia: Black Slavonian, Turopolje; France: Basque, Gascon; Germany: Schwabisch-Hällisches Schwein; Italy: Apulo Calabrese, Casertana, Cinta Senese, Mora Romagnola, Nero Siciliano, Sarda; Lithuania: Indigenous Wattle, White Old Type; Portugal: Alentejana, Bísara; Serbia: Moravka, Swallow-Bellied Mangalitsa; Slovenia: Krškopolje pig; Spain: Iberian, Majorcan Black), and three commercial breeds (Duroc, Landrace and Large White) were sampled and genotyped with the GeneSeek Genomic Profiler (GGP) 70 K HD porcine genotyping chip. A dataset of 51 Wild Boars from nine countries was also added, summing up to 1186 pigs (~ 49 pigs/breed). The aim was to: (i) investigate individual admixture ancestries and (ii) assess breed traceability via discriminant analysis on principal components (DAPC). Albeit the mosaic of shared ancestries found for Nero Siciliano, Sarda and Moravka, admixture analysis indicated independent evolvement for the rest of the breeds. High prediction accuracy of DAPC mark SNP data as a reliable solution for the traceability of breed-specific pig products. ; This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 634476 for the project with acronym TREASURE. The content of this article reflects only the authors' view and the European Union Agency is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. MŠ and MČP received core-financing by the Slovenian Research Agency (grant number P4-0133). ; Peer reviewed