Suchergebnisse

Representing hydrologic connectivity of non-floodplain wetlands (NFWs) to downstream waters in process-based models is an emerging challenge relevant to many research, regulatory, and management activities. We review four case studies that utilize process-based models developed to simulate NFW hydrology. Models range from a simple, lumped parameter model to a highly complex, fully distributed model. Across case studies, we highlight appropriate application of each model, emphasizing spatial scale, computational demands, process representation, and model limitations. We end with a synthesis of recommended "best modeling practices" to guide model application. These recommendations include: (1) clearly articulate modeling objectives, and revisit and adjust those objectives regularly; (2) develop a conceptualization of NFW connectivity using qualitative observations, empirical data, and process-based modeling; (3) select a model to represent NFW connectivity by balancing both modeling objectives and available resources; (4) use innovative techniques and data sources to validate and calibrate NFW connectivity simulations; and (5) clearly articulate the limits of the resulting NFW connectivity representation. Our review and synthesis of these case studies highlights modeling approaches that incorporate NFW connectivity, demonstrates tradeoffs in model selection, and ultimately provides actionable guidance for future model application and development. ; National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center from the National Science Foundation [DBI-1052875]; John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis - U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Environmental Protection AgencyUnited States Environmental Protection Agency ; CNJ was supported by the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center under funding received from the National Science Foundation DBI-1052875. This work was conducted as a part of the North American Analysis and Synthesis on the Connectivity of Geographically Isolated Wetlands to Downstream Waters Working Group supported by the John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. ; Public domain authored by a U.S. government employee