Suchergebnisse

This article aims to analyze some of the impressions of social actors involved in the implementation of European rural development policies, starting with the reform of the PAC (Common Agricultural Policy) for the period of 2014-2020, particularly its second pillar, with its territorial policy. In the first part, we review the main changes introduced by that reform, approved at the end of 2013. In a following section, we summarize the theoretical reference of neo-institutionalism, in a broad perspective, which seems appropriate to the analysis carried out, both in the process of horizontal institutionalization and in the structure of governance of the rural territorial development policy of the European Union. In a third section, we highlight some aspects identified by us together with some Local Action Groups (GAL), responsible in the first instance for implementing the changes introduced by the second pillar of the PAC. Finally, in a last section, taking as reference the field work carried out through qualitative interviews and the theoretical references used, we argue that the innovations introduced in the period of 2007-2013 and reformed for the period 2014-2020, modified the vertical institutions involved in rural development policy, by incorporating in its implementation the national and subnational governments, and ended up provoking, in our view, a crisis that also affects the horizontal institutions of their governance structures.

Agricultura, mundo rural y cambio social: una aproximación sociológica

O artigo analisa a implementação dos Contratos Territoriais de Estabelecimento (CTE's) na agricultura francesa. Criados em 1999, durante o Governo de Lionel Jospin, trata-se de um instrumento através do qual são introduzidas mudanças nas políticas agrícolas e nas estratégias adotadas pelos agricultores. Infelizmente, os CTE's não receberam o apoio social e econômico necessário e não se mostraram fortes o suficiente para resistir à oposição exercida pelo lobby das corporações agrárias (FNSEA e CNJA).