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[EN] In this paper, a novel mymargin soldering technique that improves the fabrication process of empty substrate integrated waveguide (ESIW) devices is presented. Up until now, in order to fabricate an ESIW device, the tin solder paste was distributed, before assembling, on the contact surface between layers, in order to ensure a good electrical contact. This process has a low degree of repeatability (random soldering thickness and distribution of tin) and reliability (a significant number of nonworking prototypes due to tin overflow). In this paper, we propose the mechanization of a set of plated vias just next to the metalized walls of the ESIW in the central layer. Next, in the top and bottom covers that close this ESIW, additional plated vias are drilled in the same position so that, when the device is assembled (using screws or rivets), metalized holes can be seen passing through the whole structure from top to bottom. These holes are then used as soldering vias that can guide the tin paste straight to the point where it is needed. When the paste is dried, soldered vias ensure a very good electrical contact between layers. In addition, the fluid tin fills any small gap that appears between layers, thus providing a very good electrical contact and mechanical union. This novel soldering technique has been validated with experimental results. Several prototypes of filters centered at 13 and 35 GHz have been fabricated, proving the repeatability and reliability of the proposed soldering technique. ; This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economiy Competitividad, Spanish Government, under Project TEC2016-75934-C4-3-R and Project TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R. ; Martinez, JA.; Belenguer, A.; Esteban González, H. (2019). Highly Reliable and Repeatable Soldering Technique for Assembling Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide Devices. IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging and Manufacturing Technology (Online). 9(11):2276-2281. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCPMT.2019.2915688 ; S ; 2276 ; 2281 ; 9 ; 11

[EN] The characterization of communication devices in a certain frequency band can be accelerated if a fast frequency sweep technique is used instead of a discrete frequency sweep. Existing fast frequency sweep techniques are either complex or specific for a certain electromagnetic solver. In this work, a new fast frequency sweep method is proposed that consists in segmenting the device under analysis into simple building blocks. Each building block is characterized with a generalized (multimode) circuital matrix whose elements present a simple and flat frequency response that is interpolated using natural cubic splines with very few points. In this way, the response of each block along the whole frequency band is obtained efficiently and accurately with as many frequency points as desired. Then, the circuital matrices of all the blocks are cascaded and the circuital matrix of the whole device in obtained. The new fast frequency sweep was successfully applied to the analysis of different types of devices (all metallic rectangular waveguide filter, dielectric loaded rectangular waveguide filter, and substrate integrated waveguide filter). The computational times were reduced to 15% or 19%, depending on the device, when compared with a discrete frequency sweep using the same electromagnetic solver. ; This research was funded by Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Government, under Research Projects TEC2016-75934-C4-3-R and TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R. ; Martínez-Zamora, JÁ.; Belenguer Martínez, A.; Esteban González, H. (2019). Fast Frequency Sweep Technique Based on Segmentation for the Acceleration of the Electromagnetic Analysis of Microwave Devices. Applied Sciences. 9(6):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9061118 ; S ; 1 ; 16 ; 9 ; 6 ; Erdemli, Y. E., Reddy, C. J., & Volakis, J. L. (1999). Awe Technique in Frequency Domain Electromagnetics. Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, 13(3), 359-378. doi:10.1163/156939399x00961 ; Reddy, C. J., Deshpande, M. D., Cockrell, C. R., & ...

"(c) 20xx IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works." ; Abstract Over the last years, a great number of substrate integrated circuits has been developed. These new circuits are a compromise between the advantages of classical waveguide technologies, such as high quality factor and low losses, and the advantages of planar circuits, such as low cost and easy compact integration. Although their quality factor and losses are better than for planar circuits, these characteristics are worse than in the case of waveguides, mainly due to the presence of the dielectric substrate. In order to improve the performance of the integrated circuits, a new methodology for manufacturing empty waveguides, without a dielectric substrate, but at the same time completely integrated in a planar substrate, is proposed in this work. A wideband transition with return losses greater than 20 dB in the whole bandwith of the waveguide allows the integration of the empty waveguide into the planar substrate so that the waveguide can be directly accessed with a microstrip line. Therefore, a microwave circuit integrated in a planar substrate, but at the same time with a very high quality factor (measured quality factor is 4.5 times higher than for the same filter in the substrate integrated waveguide), and very low losses is successfully achieved. ; This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spanish Goverment, under Research Project TEC2010-21520-C04-03 and Research Project EC2010-21520-C04-01, and by the Autonomous Government of Castilla-La Mancha under Research Project PPII10-0047-0220. ; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2014). Novel empty substrate integrated waveguide for high performance ...

© 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permissíon from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertisíng or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. ; [EN] Substrate-integrated circuits (SICs) [1] have attracted much attention in the last several years because of their great potential. The first implementation of the concept can be found in [2] as a feeding mechanism for a slot array antenna. Deslandes and Wu [3], [4] used the term substrate-integrated waveguide (SIW) to define this waveguide integrated in a substrate where the lateral walls are synthesized with metallized via holes, and the upper and lower walls are the top and bottom metallization of the substrate. Many other SICs have been developed since the appearance of the SIW. In the substrate-integrated slab waveguide [5], the guide is synthesized on a substrate by cutting an air hole in the center of an SIW, and the frequency operating bandwidth is increased. The ridge SIW [6] also increases the operation bandwidth by drilling cylindrical air holes in the middle of the SIW. The substrate-integrated nonradiative dielectric waveguide [7] uses a specific pattern of air holes as lateral walls, creating a dielectric waveguide channel that reduces the radiation losses with respect to the SIW. The half-mode SIW [8] reduces the size of the SIW by half by exploiting the fact that there is a symmetry plane along the propagation direction that is equivalent to a magnetic wall. ; This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia, Industria, y Competitividad, Spanish government, under research projects TEC2013-47037-C5-3-R, TEC2013-47037-C5-1-R, TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R, and TEC2016-75934-C4-4-R and by Generalitat Valenciana under research project PROMETEOII/2015/005. ; Belenguer, A.; Esteban González, H.; Borja, AL.; Boria Esbert, ...

This paper is a postprint of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in IET Microwaves Antennas and Propagation and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright. The copy of record is available at IET Digital Library ; In this study, a new segmentation strategy is presented for the full-wave analysis of directly coupled cavity filters in substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The whole SIW filter is enclosed inside an external fictitious rectangular waveguide, which does not affect the propagation inside the SIW assuming that the SIW is well designed and there is no significant power leakage. The external rectangular waveguide allows to easily segment the structure into building blocks that are composed of circular metallic vias inside a rectangular waveguide. The generalised scattering matrix of these building blocks is obtained with highly efficient techniques specifically suited for the analysis of H-plane rectangular waveguide devices. Some building blocks are repeated along the structure, and their scattering matrix has to be computed only once. The scattering matrices of all the building blocks are cascaded and the scattering matrix of the whole filter is obtained. A SIW filter of eight coupled cavities with a bandpass response centred at 11 GHz is analysed. Results from this analysis show that the computational time has been significantly reduced when compared with other specific SIW analysis methods or with commercial general purpose software, while maintaining a good accuracy. ; This work was funded by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad of the Spanish Government under the project number TEC2013-47037-C5-1-R. ; Martínez-Zamora, JÁ.; Belenguer, Á.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2016). Segmentation strategy for the efficient analysis and design of substrate integrated waveguide directly coupled cavity filters. IET Microwaves Antennas and Propagation. 10(3):283-287. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2015.0284 ; S ; 283 ; 287 ; 10 ; 3

[EN] Substrate integrated waveguides reduce the losses and increase the quality factor of resonators in communication filters when compared with traditional planar technologies, while maintaining their low-cost and low-profile characteristics. Empty substrate integrated waveguides go one step further, removing the dielectric of the substrate. One of these transmission lines is the empty substrate integrated coaxial line (ESICL), which has the advantage of being a two-conductor structure. Thus, it propagates a transversal electric and magnetic (TEM) mode, which reduces the dispersion and the bandwidth limitation of other one conductor empty substrate integrated waveguides. Continuous profile filters, at the cost of being long structures, are very easy to manufacture and design (usually no optimization is needed), and they are highly insensitive to manufacturing tolerances. In this work, a simple continuous profile filter, with a stop band response, is designed for the first time using novel ESICL technology. The influence of the design parameters on the insertion losses and fractional bandwidth is discussed. A prototype has been successfully manufactured and measured. A sensitivity analysis shows the high tolerance of the proposed stop band filter to manufacturing errors. ; This research was funded by Ministerio de Economia, Industria y Competitividad, Spanish Government, under Research Projects TEC2016-75934-C4-3-R and TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R. ; Gómez, D.; Esteban González, H.; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Boria Esbert, VE.; Lucas Borja, A. (2018). Stop Band Continuous Profile Filter in Empty Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line. Applied Sciences (Basel). 8(11):1-12. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8112176 ; S ; 1 ; 12 ; 8 ; 11

This paper is a postprint of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in [journal] and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright. The copy of record is available at IET Digital Library ; The traditional cascading of generalised scattering matrices (GSMs) assumes that the modal sets at the connected ports of a cascaded network are strictly equal. This implies a careful selection of the modal polarities, or the reference systems, of every port. Usually, the connection scheme of every device is known a priori. Then, the individual GSMs are pre-processed, or auxiliary devices, which correct possible modal mismatches at the ports, are included in appropriate positions among the cascade, so that the traditional cascading-by-pairs approach can be directly applied. This scheme clearly complicates the reutilisation of previously calculated GSMs, and mixes the cascading with the solution of the individual building blocks. In this study, a systematic procedure is proposed to define the polarity of the modes at the ports of a device fed with transmission lines or waveguides showing a single or double symmetry. The modified expressions to calculate the scattering parameters of the cascade of two multiport devices, incorporating the regular modal corrections to apply when this criterion is used to define the modal polarity at the ports, is also presented in this study. This strategy is more convenient from the point of view of programming, less error-prone and easier to implement. ; This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Innovation, Spanish Government, under Research Projects TEC2013-47037-C05-3-R and TEC2013-47037-C05-1-R. ; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Borja, A.; Díaz Caballero, E.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2015). Systematic Procedure to Avoid Unintended Polarity Mismatch in the Cascade Connection of Multiport Devices with Symmetric Feeding Lines. IET Microwaves Antennas and Propagation. 9(11):1128-1135. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2014.0167 ; S ; 1128 ; 1135 ...

1832 1839 57 7-8 ; S ; Traditionally metallic waveguide filters have been used commercially for microwave applications. These filters have very reduced insertion losses within their operating frequency band and their construction is considerably economic. On the other hand, metallic filters have significant drawbacks, especially when they are designed for satellite and other spatial applications, since their weight and size may very often be too high and due to the lack of atmosphere, the Multipactor effect limits considerably the power that the filters can handle. This problems can be reduced by using new topologies of H-plane waveguide filters loaded with dielectric resonators. Nevertheless the analysis and design of these filters is far more complex than the one of all metallic filters, due to their special topology. Efficient mathematical tools are required for this analysis and this paper presents a new hybrid mode matching method for the efficient analysis of rods in waveguided structures. © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Bachiller Martin, MC.; Esteban González, H.; Morro Ros, JV.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2011). Hybrid mode matching method for the efficient analysis of rods in waveguide structures. Mathematical and Computer Modelling. 57(7-8):1832-1839. doi:10.1016/j.mcm.2011.11.076

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permissíon from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertisíng or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. ; [EN] Empty substrate integrated waveguide (ESIW) devices can provide high quality and completely integrated devices, but they are usually larger than the same ones imple- mented with alternative technologies. One of the most extended strategies to compact electronic devices is the use of multilayer technology. Nevertheless, to perform multilayer devices in ESIW, a versatile and efficient transition between the guides in different layers is needed. Currently, only one multilayer device is known in this ESIW technology, which is a transition between a pair of guides built in contiguous layers that requires complex and nonstandard 3-D manufacturing processes. In this letter, a multilayer transition to connect a pair of guides separated by an arbitrary number of layers is successfully designed and experimentally validated without 3-D manufacturing processes. This novel and versatile transition opens the way to further develop multilayer compact devices in the ESIW technology such as compact filters. ; This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad through Spanish Government under Project TEC2016-75934-C4-3-R and Project TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R. (Corresponding author: Angel Belenguer.) ; Ballesteros, JA.; Fernández-Berlanga, MD.; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2018). Versatile Transition for Multilayer Compact Devices in Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters. 28(6):482-484. https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2018.2825653 ; S ; 482 ; 484 ; 28 ; 6

This paper is a preprint of a paper submitted to IET Microwaves Antennas and Propagation and is subject to Institution of Engineering and Technology Copyright. If accepted, the copy of record will be available at IET Digital Library ; A new fully modal characterisation procedure is proposed to reduce the number of unknowns needed to characterise the ports of an arbitrary H-plane device in rectangular waveguide, so that no equivalent currents will be involved in the characterisation of the ports. Moreover, since no currents are needed to characterise the ports, the weights of the scattered modes can be unknowns of the resulting system of equations. This is an important fact, since, to find the wanted modal weights, a subsequent projection step is not necessary anymore. The new method is then advantageous when compared to other hybrid alternatives in the literature, not only because the ports are solved using fewer unknowns, which is the main advantage of the proposal, but also because the scattering parameters can be computed directly, once the system of equations is posed. ; This work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spanish Government, under Research Project TEC2007-67630-C03-01 and by the Autonomous Government of Castilla-La Mancha under Research Project PPII10-0047-0220. ; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE.; Lucas Borja, A.; Cascón López, J. (2011). Highly efficient heterogeneous modal superposition method for the full-wave analysis of arbitrarily shaped H-plane structures fed through rectangular waveguides. IET Microwaves Antennas and Propagation. 5(7):747-755. https://doi.org/10.1049/iet-map.2010.0297 ; S ; 747 ; 755 ; 5 ; 7 ; Thiele, G., & Newhouse, T. (1975). A hybrid technique for combining moment methods with the geometrical theory of diffraction. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, 23(1), 62-69. doi:10.1109/tap.1975.1141004 ; Burnside, W.D., and Pathak, P.H.: 'A summary of hybrid solutions involving moment methods and GTD', Strait, B.J., ...

(c) 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works. ; [EN] Recently, Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide (ESIW) technology was proposed for embedding empty waveguides into planar substrates in order to improve their performance. A low-loss and narrow-band transition from microstrip to an increased height ESIW with 4 layers was presented in a previous work, and used to implement a very high-quality factor bandpass filter at Q-band. With such a narrow-band transition, based on a quarter-wavelength transformer, a very narrow-band filter response with resonators having a quality factor of 1000 was achieved. In this paper, in order to overcome the narrow-band and the 4-layers output restrictions, and extend the practical use of such increased height ESIWs beyond narrow-band filters, we present a novel wideband transition from microstrip to an increased height ESIW with an arbitrary number of layers. A full suite of wideband transitions to increased height ESIWs, built with different number of substrate layers ranging from 3 to 8, has been designed in this work to operate at Ka-band, though they can be easily transferred to other bands if the dimensions of the transition are properly scaled. To illustrate this, the original Ka-band transitions have been mapped to Ku-band, with excellent results. In order to test the proposed design method, a prototype of a 4-layer structure has been fabricated at Ka-band, achieving a good performance in the whole useful bandwidth of the ESIW. ; This work was supported in part by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spanish Government, under Project TEC2016-75934-C4-3-R and Project TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R, and in part by the Consejeria de Educacion, Cultura y Deportes, Autonomous ...

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permissíon from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertisíng or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. ; [EN] Recently, new methodologies for manufacturing empty waveguides completely integrated in a planar substrate have been proposed in order to improve the performance of substrate-integrated devices. One of these alternatives is the so-called empty substrate-integrated waveguide (ESIW). The height of high-frequency substrates, where ESIW devices are integrated, is very small. Then, the capacity of storing energy of ESIW resonators is drastically reduced, and as a result, their quality factor is not as high as it could be with a higher ESIW. In order to overcome this restriction, a novel integrated structure is proposed to embed very high-quality factor filters based on the ESIW with an increased height. As a result, we show, in this letter, for the first time, the successful integration of an increased-height ESIW filter in a printed circuit board of 0.305 mm height at Q-band, achieving a quality factor above 1000, which is a remarkable result for a completely substrate-integrated device operating in this frequency band. When compared with the same filter manufactured with an ESIW with the same height as the substrate, the novel filter shows a measured quality factor 85% higher. ; This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spanish Government, under Project TEC2016-75934-C4-3-R and Project TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R. ; Martínez-Zamora, JÁ.; De Dios, JJ.; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2018). Integration of a Very High Quality Factor Filter in Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide at Q-band. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters. 28(6):503-505. ...

A new equivalent circuit for a coplanar waveguide loaded with split ring resonators is presented. The traditional circuits that model these devices are only able to characterize the left-handed propagation band, and their response is very similar to the real one within a very limited bandwidth. In contrast, this proposed broadband equivalent circuit is able to portray not only the left-handed propagation band, but also the right-handed one that occurs at higher frequencies. Besides, the response of this kind of basic cells can be adjusted with the proposed circuit model in a bandwidth close to a decade. ; This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, Spanish Goverment, under Research Projects TEC2010-21520-C04-03 and -01, and by the Autonomous Government of Castilla-La Mancha under Research Projects PPII10-0047-0220 and PPII10-0027-1277. ; Sanz, V.; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Lucas Borja, A.; Cascón López, J.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2012). Broadband Equivalent Circuit Model for a Coplanar Waveguide Line Loaded with Split Ring Resonators. International Journal of Antennas and Propagation. 2012:1-6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2012/613518 ; S ; 1 ; 6 ; 2012 ; Baena, J. D., Bonache, J., Martin, F., Sillero, R. M., Falcone, F., Lopetegi, T., … Sorolla, M. (2005). Equivalent-circuit models for split-ring resonators and complementary split-ring resonators coupled to planar transmission lines. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 53(4), 1451-1461. doi:10.1109/tmtt.2005.845211 ; Borja, A. L., Carbonell, J., Boria, V. E., & Lippens, D. (2008). Symmetrical frequency response in a split ring resonator based transmission line. Applied Physics Letters, 93(20), 203505. doi:10.1063/1.3025625 ; Borja, A. L., Carbonell, J., Boria, V. E., & Lippens, D. (2009). Highly selective left-handed transmission line loaded with split ring resonators and wires. Applied Physics Letters, 94(14), 143503. doi:10.1063/1.3116647 ; Martı́n, F., Bonache, J., Falcone, F., Sorolla, M., & ...

[EN] Substrate integrated waveguides are increasingly being used due to their capability of combining the advantages of planar circuits and traditional waveguides. The development of empty substrate integrated waveguides has substantially reduced the related insertion losses, since waves propagate through air instead of propagating through a lossy dielectric medium. Recently, a new empty coaxial structure, completely built with printed circuit boards and integrated in a substrate, has been proposed. It has been named empty substrate integrated coaxial Line (ESICL). The resulting coaxial line has low cost, easy manufacturing, low radiation, low losses, high-quality factor, and is non dispersive. A transition from grounded coplanar waveguide to ESICL already exists. In this work, a transition from microstrip to ESICL is presented for the first time. In order to demonstrate its feasibility, a back-to-back structure and a bandpass filter have been manufactured and measured. ; This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spanish Government, under Research Project TEC2016-75934-C4-3-R and Research Project TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R. ; Quiles, F.; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Martínez-Zamora, JÁ.; Nova-Giménez, V.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2018). Compact Microstrip to Empty Substrate Integrated Coaxial Line Transition. IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters. 28(12):1080-1082. https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2018.2874280 ; S ; 1080 ; 1082 ; 28 ; 12

© 2018 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permissíon from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertisíng or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works. ; [EN] The empty substrate integrated waveguide (ESIW) technology is recently receiving special attention, since it preserves the many advantages of SIW circuits but provides an enhanced behavior due to avoidance of dielectric filling. Many circuits have been designed in the ESIW technology, including several filters with different performances. The next challenge is to achieve the maximum possible compactness degree for these circuits. In this paper, we present the design of a multilayer empty substrate integrated filter with the same performance as if it were manufactured in a single layer but significantly increasing its compactness and mechanical resistance. ; This work was supported by the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, Spanish Government, under Grant TEC2016-75934-C4-3-R and Grant TEC2016-75934-C4-1-R. ; Belenguer Martínez, Á.; Fernández-Berlanga, MD.; Ballesteros, JA.; De Dios, JJ.; Esteban González, H.; Boria Esbert, VE. (2018). Compact Multilayer Filter in Empty Substrate Integrated Waveguide With Transmission Zeros. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques. 66(6):2993-3000. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2018.2823306 ; S ; 2993 ; 3000 ; 66 ; 6