Suchergebnisse

The purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental occurrence of ultra-short chain perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Swedish water samples. So far established protocols have focused on measuring PFASs with a carbon chain length of four or more carbons. In this study, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates of chain lengths of two, perfluoroethane sulfonate (PFEtS), and three, perfluoropropane sulfonate (PFPrS), carbons have been measured using a newly established instrumental method employing supercritical fluid separation (SFC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry detection. A total of 26 samples were analysed, including ground water, surface water, rain water and snow. The sample locations included military and civilian airports, a former hard chromium plating facility, the vicinity of a hazardous waste management facility and background areas (lake surface water, rain and snow). Results show that both PFPrS and PFEtS could be detected in environmental samples using SFC separation coupled to triple quadrupole detection. Out of the 26 samples analysed, the ultra-short-chain PFPrS could be detected and quantified in 22 samples. The concentrations for PFPrS in all the samples ranged between 0.93 ng/l to 39 000 ng/l. The ultra-short-chain PFPEtS could be quantified in all of the 26 samples, with a concentration range between 0.07 and 5 700 ng/l. The highest concentrations represents highly contaminated ground water samples collected from a military airport. In the samples, PFPrS had a relative contribution to total PFAS concentration of 6 and 10 %, indicating the importance of measuring these compounds in environmental samples. ; Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka huruvida ultrakorta perfluorerade alkylsubstanser (PFASs) förekommer i prov från svenska vatten. Dagens metoder för att analysera PFASs fokuserar på ämnen som har en kolkedja om minst fyra kol. I denna studie har ultrakorta perfluoralkylsulfonater analyserats, mer specifikt perfluorpropansulfonat (PFPrS, C3) och perfluoretansulfonat (PFEtS, C2), med hjälp av en ny separationsmetod som använder superkritisk vätskekromatografi kopplad till masspektrometrisk detektion. Totalt har 26 vattenprov analyserats omfattande grundvatten, ytvatten, regnvatten och snö. De olika provplatserna har varierat från civila och militära brandövningsplatser, vid en före detta anläggning för hårdkromplätering, omkring en anläggning för farligt avfall, samt bakgrundsprover i form av regnvatten, snö och ytvatten från en sjö. Med den nya metoden kunde de ultrakorta PFAS-ämnena PFPrS och PFEtS uppmätas i prover från svenska vatten för första gången. PFPrS kunde mätas i 22 av totalt 26 prov, och PFEtS kunde mätas i samtliga prov. Halterna för PFPrS varierade mellan 0.93 ng/l till 39 000 ng/l, medan koncentrationen för PFEtS varierade mellan 0.07 och 5 680 ng/l. De högsta halterna härstammar från brandövningsplatser inom ett militärt flygplatsområde. I dessa prover uppgår PFPrS till 6 respektive 10% av totalhalten PFAS, vilket pekar på vikten av att inkludera även ultrakorta PFAS i mätningar av PFAS i miljöprover.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the environmental occurrence of ultra-short chain perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in Swedish water samples. So far established protocols have focused on measuring PFASs with a carbon chain length of four or more carbons. In this study, perfluoroalkyl sulfonates of chain lengths of two, perfluoroethane sulfonate (PFEtS), and three, perfluoropropane sulfonate (PFPrS), carbons have been measured using a newly established instrumental method employing supercritical fluid separation (SFC) coupled to tandem mass spectrometry detection. A total of 26 samples were analysed, including ground water, surface water, rain water and snow. The sample locations included military and civilian airports, a former hard chromium plating facility, the vicinity of a hazardous waste management facility and background areas (lake surface water, rain and snow). Results show that both PFPrS and PFEtS could be detected in environmental samples using SFC separation coupled to triple quadrupole detection. Out of the 26 samples analysed, the ultra-short-chain PFPrS could be detected and quantified in 22 samples. The concentrations for PFPrS in all the samples ranged between 0.93 ng/l to 39 000 ng/l. The ultra-short-chain PFPEtS could be quantified in all of the 26 samples, with a concentration range between 0.07 and 5 700 ng/l. The highest concentrations represents highly contaminated ground water samples collected from a military airport. In the samples, PFPrS had a relative contribution to total PFAS concentration of 6 and 10 %, indicating the importance of measuring these compounds in environmental samples.