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Health and Healthcare Access Among Adults Living in Affordable Housing: National Estimates for the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit
In: Housing policy debate, S. 1-14
ISSN: 2152-050X
Comparison of Trends in Nonprofit Hospitals' Charity Care Eligibility Policies Between Medicaid Expansion States and Medicaid Nonexpansion States
In: Medical care research and review, Band 79, Heft 3, S. 458-468
ISSN: 1552-6801
Nonprofit hospitals provide charity care to financially disadvantaged patients according to their self-designed eligibility policies. The Affordable Care Act may have prompted nonprofit hospitals to adopt more generous eligibility policies, but no prior research has examined the longitudinal trend. The expansion of Medicaid coverage in many states has been found to reduce charity care provision, but it is unclear whether the change in charity care eligibility policies differed between Medicaid expansion and nonexpansion states. Using mandatory tax filings, we found that both hospitals in Medicaid expansion states and hospital in nonexpansion states adopted more generous eligibility policies in 2018 than in 2010, but the change was greater in the former for discounted charity care; while the former provided less charity care regardless of their policy changes, the latter provided more when their policies became more generous. This study has implications for policy discussions on the justification of nonprofit hospitals' tax-exempt status.
Labor Market Concentration and Worker Contributions to Health Insurance Premiums
In: Medical care research and review, Band 79, Heft 2, S. 198-206
ISSN: 1552-6801
In concentrated labor markets, where workers have fewer employers to choose from, employers may exploit their monopsony power by contributing less to workers' health benefits. This study examined if labor market concentration was associated with higher worker contributions to health plan premiums. We combined publicly available data from the Census to calculate labor market concentration and the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Insurance/Employer Component to determine premium contributions from 2010 to 2016 for metropolitan areas. After controlling for year fixed-effects and market characteristics, we found that higher labor market concentration was associated with higher worker contributions to health plan premiums, lower take-home income, and no change in employer contributions to premiums, consistent with the hypothesis that greater labor market concentration is associated with less generous health benefits. When evaluating the effects of mergers and acquisitions on labor markets, regulatory agencies should critically assess worker contributions to health insurance premiums.
The Role of Repugnance in Markets: How the Jared Fogle Scandal Affected Patronage of Subway
In: NBER Working Paper No. w31782
SSRN
Consumer Responses to Firms' Voluntary Disclosure of Information: Evidence from Calorie Labeling by Starbucks
In: NBER Working Paper No. w29080
SSRN
Do High-Deductible Health Plans Incentivize Changing the Timing of Substance Use Disorder Treatment?
In: Medical care research and review, Band 80, Heft 5, S. 530-539
ISSN: 1552-6801
A high-deductible health plan (HDHP) may incentivize enrollees to limit health care use at the beginning of a plan year, when they are responsible for 100% of costs, or to increase the use of care at the end of the year, when enrollees may have less cost exposure. We investigated both the impact of the deductible reset that occurs at the beginning of a plan year and the option to enroll in an HDHP on the use of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment services over the course of a health plan year. We found decreases in SUD treatment use following the increase in cost exposure related to a deductible reset. There was no variation in this behavior between HDHP offer enrollees and comparison enrollees who were not offered an HDHP. These findings reinforce that cost-sharing poses a barrier to SUD care and continuity of care, which can increase the risk of adverse clinical outcomes.