Suchergebnisse

El presente artículo analiza hechos destacados en el año 2021 vinculados al pueblo mapuche desde una metodología de escucha social. A partir de más de tres millones de menciones extraídas desde Twi tter y sitios de prensa en internet, se construyó una narrativa que busca representar cronológicamente lo que fue este año para las comunidades mapuche, en el contexto de la l legada de sus representantes poder político y al conflicto permanente con el Esta do de Chile, que continuó en su escalada de violencia. A través de los datos recopilados en redes sociales se busca presentar las contrapuestas narrativas que encontramos a lo largo del año estudiado.

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate how concentrated owners add value to Asian firms. While prior research suggests that relational owners (i.e., business groups, top management team, board, government, banks, families, and corporation) may help firms fill institutional voids, this study proposes that it is transactional owners (i.e., foreign and institutional investors) lacking this ability who contribute most to firm performance. As these owners frequently hail from contexts with well-developed corporate governance traditions, they tend to have experience with the design and implementation of such governance practices.Design/methodology/approachThis study involves a meta-analysis covering 276 studies from 17 Asian countries.FindingsThis study shows that transactional owners impose effective governance practices such as separating the chief executive officer (CEO) and Chair roles and assuring board independence. These practices promote decisions benefiting all shareholders, such as preventing diversification and financial over-leveraging.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the comparative corporate governance literature by showing that implementing internal governance practices helps improve firm performance in Asia. It also contributes to the owner identity literature by opening the black box of how transactional and relational owners differentially affect firms' strategic behavior. Overall, this study yields a more nuanced understanding of what transactional owners contribute to Asian firms.

Purpose
This paper aims to analyze how emerging market firms upgrade their capabilities by focusing on "uncommoditizing strategies" that enable them to achieve levels of international competitiveness beyond the comparative advantages of their home countries and serve markets with premium pricing, quality and reputation of products.


Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the authors studied 18 Latin American companies across six countries. Latin America represents an ideal setting because many of these countries have traditionally developed using natural resource endowments, and their firms have tended to rely on these in their internationalization. To facilitate the analysis of each case and the comparisons across cases, the authors used the same analytical framework for the companies, identifying the sources of differentiation and cost efficiency strategies that enabled these firms to upgrade their capabilities and compete on the basis of premium pricing, quality and reputation.


Findings
The analysis identified a general framework that represents an abstraction of the actions taken by these companies over time. The proposed model consists of three main elements used to pursue uncommoditizing strategies: tropicalized innovation, global efficiency and coordinated control.


Originality/value
Recent research on emerging market firms has shown interest in how these firms upgrade their capabilities. This paper contributes to this stream of research by providing an overarching framework that not only bridged previous narrower studies but also explained how firms can develop uncommoditizing strategies to upgrade their capabilities. Further, this paper helps managers by providing a comprehensive yet succinct overview of the main strategies that they can use to help their firms to achieve international competitiveness.