Suchergebnisse

Numerous publications have highlighted the potential role of grassland in the mitigation of the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the agricultural sector. Yet, the preservation of grassland is included in the main objectives of the greening policies of the European Union (EU). To assess how this greening program has influenced the behaviour and perceptions of the dairy sector, two surveys were foreseen during the project LIFE dairyclim and sent to all the dairy farmers of Wallonia (Belgium) at three-year intervals (2016 – 2019). The answer rates reached 32.6%. Questions concerned four topics: General farm description, grazing practices, perceptions and expectations, and general grassland management. Following the results of these surveys, a large majority of lactating dairy cows grazed in Wallonia (96.5%). The main differences between 2016 and 2019 were the increase in size of the dairy farms in terms of surface (77.2 ha in 2016 to 84.4 ha in 2019) and production, the disappearance of small farms of less than 60 cows, and the progression of the organic sector from 9.3% to 11.7%. Perceptions of farmers on grazing differed following their grazing practices: No-grazing farmers were very sceptical about the advantages of grazing. On the opposite hand, organic farmers were very enthusiastic. Awareness of farmers about the preservation of landscape and the image of the sector for the consumers has increased during the three-year period. The requirements of the dairy industry and authorities were cited as incentives to keep grazing. The expectations of the farmers differed from 2016 to 2019 with a smaller proportion desiring to increase their grazing practices and more, staying stable. These results seem to indicate that the support of farmers and the involvement of authorities and stakeholders could contribute to maintain grazing. ; Peer reviewed

Le Programme de Gestion Durable de l'Azote en agriculture (PGDA), transposition de la Directive Nitrates (91/676/CEE), doit prochainement faire l'objet d'une révision. En vue de contribuer à celle-ci, des scientifiques wallons (Université catholique de Louvain - UCL, Centre wallon de Recherches agronomiques CRA-W, Université de Liège - ULg, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech) et français (Institut National de Recherche Agronomique - INRA) se sont réunis du 28 mai au 1er juin 2012 à l'occasion du deuxième Atelier « Nitrate – Eau ». À la lumière de résultats d'expérimentations scientifiques présentés lors de cet Atelier, des modifications au programme actuel sont recommandées. Celles-ci portent sur la gestion de la fertilisation (organique et minérale) pour les cultures et prairies, l'interculture, le contrôle du reliquat azoté au début de la période de lixiviation du nitrate, la gestion du retournement des prairies permanentes et la norme de production d'azote par vache laitière. Mots-clés. Azote, nitrate, gestion de l'exploitation agricole, agriculture durable, règlementation, Belgique, Union européenne. Evaluation of the third Action Programme. Recommendations for regulatory and scientific research. In accordance with the Nitrates Directive, the third "Durable Nitrogen Management Plan" (PGDA) will be soon reviewed in Wallonia (Belgium). The second "Nitrate – Water" workshop took place between 28th May and 1st June 2012. The workshop was attended by both Belgian scientists (Université catholique de Louvain - UCL, Walloon Agricultural Research Center CRA-W, Université de Liège - ULg, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech) and French scientists (National Institute for Agricultural Research - INRA). In the light of the results of experiments presented by scientists at this workshop, modifications to the PGDA are now recommended. These concern organic and mineral nitrogen fertilization for crops and meadows; catch crops; soil nitrate-nitrogen residue limitation in autumn, at the start of the nitrate leaching period; the management of meadow ploughing and a modification of the dairy cow standard for nitrogen production.

Le Programme de Gestion Durable de l'Azote en agriculture (PGDA), transposition de la Directive Nitrates (91/676/CEE), doit prochainement faire l'objet d'une révision. En vue de contribuer à celle-ci, des scientifiques wallons (Université catholique de Louvain - UCL, Centre wallon de Recherches agronomiques CRA-W, Université de Liège - ULg, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech) et français (Institut National de Recherche Agronomique - INRA) se sont réunis du 28 mai au 1er juin 2012 à l'occasion du deuxième Atelier « Nitrate – Eau ». À la lumière de résultats d'expérimentations scientifiques présentés lors de cet Atelier, des modifications au programme actuel sont recommandées. Celles-ci portent sur la gestion de la fertilisation (organique et minérale) pour les cultures et prairies, l'interculture, le contrôle du reliquat azoté au début de la période de lixiviation du nitrate, la gestion du retournement des prairies permanentes et la norme de production d'azote par vache laitière. Mots-clés. Azote, nitrate, gestion de l'exploitation agricole, agriculture durable, règlementation, Belgique, Union européenne. Evaluation of the third Action Programme. Recommendations for regulatory and scientific research. In accordance with the Nitrates Directive, the third "Durable Nitrogen Management Plan" (PGDA) will be soon reviewed in Wallonia (Belgium). The second "Nitrate – Water" workshop took place between 28th May and 1st June 2012. The workshop was attended by both Belgian scientists (Université catholique de Louvain - UCL, Walloon Agricultural Research Center CRA-W, Université de Liège - ULg, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech) and French scientists (National Institute for Agricultural Research - INRA). In the light of the results of experiments presented by scientists at this workshop, modifications to the PGDA are now recommended. These concern organic and mineral nitrogen fertilization for crops and meadows; catch crops; soil nitrate-nitrogen residue limitation in autumn, at the start of the nitrate leaching period; the management of meadow ploughing and a modification of the dairy cow standard for nitrogen production.

In accordance with the Nitrates Directive, the third "Durable Nitrogen Management Plan" (PGDA) will be soon reviewed in Wallonia (Belgium). The second "Nitrate - Water" workshop took place between 28th May and 1st June 2012. The workshop was attended by both Belgian scientists (Université catholique de Louvain - UCL, Walloon Agricultural Research Center CRA-W, Université de Liège - ULg, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech) and French scientists (National Institute for Agricultural Research - INRA). In the light of the results of experiments presented by scientists at this workshop, modifications to the PGDA are now recommended. These concern organic and mineral nitrogen fertilization for crops and meadows; catch crops; soil nitrate-nitrogen residue limitation in autumn, at the start of the nitrate leaching period; the management of meadow ploughing and a modification of the dairy cow standard for nitrogen production.