Suchergebnisse

Secondary liability in China for trademark infringement online can be best understood in the context of the three periods of e-commerce development that took place in the country. During the embryonic stage (1999 to 2002), there were very few netizens and online business operators, and a number of enterprises, including 8848—China's e-commerce enterprise flagship—rose but then quickly fell. In the rising phase (2003 to 2007) that followed, small and medium-sized e-commerce platforms like Alibaba—an e-commerce company that eventually established Taobao.com and other businesses—began to make profits and a number of e-commerce providers, including E-Commerce China Dangdang and EachNet, rose rapidly. Throughout this period, the number of online vendors increased from 4 million to 35.5 million. An e-commerce boom began in 2008, and Alibaba, NetSun, Suning Appliance Company, GOME Electrical Appliances and other traditional retailers became publicly traded companies. Meanwhile, Redbaby and Beijing Jingdong Trading Co. entered into and started the competition of business-to-consumer (B2C) marketing.

One hundred and eight newspaper accounts of events of the Arab Spring were analyzed in an attempt to define how the events and the accompanying Internet censorship were framed in the news coverage in mainland China compared with that in Hong Kong and Taiwan. The newspapers in all three media markets were found to have constructed their coverage within the ideological boundaries prevailing in their respective markets. This resulted in differing news stories about the same event or the same issue. News framing was analyzed in terms of news perspective and favorability toward the protesters or the government. Framing of Internet censorship reporting was also analyzed. The results show significant differences in coverage among the three markets. The frames employed in the coverage are interpreted in terms of the markets' ideological differences and differences in press freedom. The reasons for these differences and theoretical implications are explored.

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a significant increase in the need for new media faculty in the journalism field. This research aims to identify hiring trends in the context of new media via a longitudinal study of job advertisements for journalism faculty published since 1995, the 'Year of the Internet'. The study includes a content analysis that focuses on credentials and expectations outlined in the selected advertisements for faculty positions. In particular, this study analysed the requirements for new-media-specific expertise. It attempts to reflect the rapid development and evolution of new media and technologies in the journalism field and its implications.

Under the pressure of limited arable land and increasing demand for food, improving the quality of existing arable land has become a priority to ensure food security. The Chinese government gives great importance to improving cropland productivity by focusing on the construction of high-standard farmland (HSF). The government puts forward the goal of constructing 1.2 billion mu (100 mu ≈ 6.67 hectares) of HSF by 2030. Therefore, how to apply remote sensing to monitor the ability to increase and stabilize yields in HSF project regions has become an essential task for proving the efficiency of HSF construction. Based on HSF project distribution data, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data and Landsat-8 Operational Land Imager (Landsat8-OLI) data, this study develops a method to monitor cropland productivity improvement by measuring cropland productivity level (CPL), disaster resistance ability (DRA) and homogeneous yield degree (HYD) in the HSF project region. Taking China's largest grain production province (Henan Province) as a case study area, research shows that a light use efficiency model that includes multiple cropping data can effectively detect changes in cropland productivity before and after HSF construction. Furthermore, integrated Landsat8-OLI and MODIS data can detect changes in DRA and HYD before and after HSF construction with higher temporal and spatial resolution. In 109 HSF project regions concentrated and distributed in contiguous regions in Henan Province, the average cropland productivity increased by 145 kg/mu; among the eight sample project regions, DRA was improved in seven sample project regions; and the HYD in all eight sample project regions was greatly improved (the degree of increase is more than 75%). This evidence from satellites proves that the Chinese HSF project has significantly improved the CPL, DRA and HYD of cropland, while this study also verifies the practicability of the three indices to monitor the efficiency of HSF construction.

With the accelerated iteration of global electronic and electrical product updates, the demand for electronic and electrical products presents a new trend in which the life cycle of electronic and electrical products is shortened. Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) products pose a great threat to the global ecological environment, and solving this problem is urgent. Therefore, governments around the world have formulated funding policies for WEEE products, which has led to continuous improvements in such policies. Along these lines, we adopt the circular economy concept, extended producer responsibility theory and life cycle assessment method to comparatively analyse and compare the different fund operation modes in China, Germany, Japan and The Netherlands. In addition, based on the data related to fund policy implementation, we point out the problems in the development of the WEEE industry in China. The analysis results show that although China is the largest WEEE market, it is still in the initial stage and lags behind Western countries in efficiency and cost management. Then, taking as an example 'Go Green', an O2O classified recycling platform launched in 2005, this paper performs an extended analysis of the "Internet +" recycling model, which was proposed as a WEEE fund operation solution in China. Finally, we discuss the economic impact of this study on the future implementation and valuation of WEEE fund policy.