Suchergebnisse

Bien que les Trente Glorieuses marquent le début d'une importante diminution de la population rurale et en particulier du nombre d'agriculteurs au Québec, cette période est également le témoin d'un phénomène de « retour à la campagne » ou, autrement dit, d'exode urbain. La nouvelle attractivité des campagnes va favoriser l'apparition d'une nouvelle catégorie de villégiateurs qui acquièrent de plus en plus de terres agricoles à des fins non agricoles. Cet article vise à mettre en lumière les conséquences que pareille appropriation des terres agricoles peut avoir sur la pérennité et la viabilité de l'agriculture de la Municipalité régionale de comté (MRC) de Memphrémagog, un territoire qui connaît depuis les dernières années une diminution de son dynamisme agricole et une présence grandissante de villégiateurs.

O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar uma experiência de pesquisa desenvolvida em parceria e que visa contribuir para aconcepção e implementação de uma comunidade nutridora na municipalidade rural de Saint Camille, Quebec (Canadá). Primeiramente, apresenta-se as circunstâncias que levaram à emergência desse projeto. Por um lado, é feito um retorno às Oficinas de Saberes Compartilhados, um projeto de pesquisa que tem por objetivo promover um "processo de reflexão sobre a ação, de co-aprendizagem e de sistematização das experiências" para dinamizar comunidades rurais confrontadas aos desafios de desvitalização. Por outro lado, discute-se o contexto de renovação das preocupações com os alimentosproduzidos localmente. Esses dois elementos se demonstraram necessários para a co-construção de um projeto de pesquisa que visa a elaboração de um planejamento para a comunidade nutridora em Saint-Camille, cujo objetivo principal é promover a produção local de alimentos. Em seguida, apresenta-se as etapas de ideação desse projeto, ou seja, a definição dos objetivos, o financiamento e a realização da pesquisa. São discutidas a ancoragem territorial da pesquisa e suas primeiras contribuições para a implementação de uma comunidade nutridora. Além disso, discute-se as interfaces que podem ser estabelecidas entre a noção de comunidade nutridora e a de cesta de bens e serviços territoriais. No plano metodológico, a co-criação do projeto, que levou à implementação dessa comunidade, se inscreve nas premissas da pesquisa performativa, que pressupõe um contexto de interação entre os pesquisadores e atores, em uma perspectiva de transição societal e ecológica.

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5 ; International audience ; Urban and periurban agricultural producers have faced many stressors – both negative ones and positive ones – particularly from the mid-20th century onwards. They have included urban development pressures, exurban development, the evolving markets for the products of these producers – food and other products, and environmental challenges stemming from farming's own technologies. More recently, these stressors have been compounded by climate change and variability. The importance of the decision processes at the local level (i.e. individual farmers and producers, local government, various community organisations, and citizens more generally) and how such decision makers adapt to the various stressors has been increasingly recognised. In relation to urban and periurban farm producers, more and more attention has been placed on the adaptive capacity of these decision makers to maintain and develop their own production systems. At the same time, there has been an increase in the environmental services that these areas are expected to perform mainly by the urban citizenry, thus reinforcing the multi-functionality of the areas concerned. In this paper, we argue that developing producers' adaptive capacity is one of the keys to contributing to alleviating food insecurity, but at the same time, the multi-functionality of these same areas provides a powerful tool with which to maintain and develop the strength of food production through having non farm actors and citizens appropriate the importance of conserving agricultural production – and therefore food production – in these same areas to contribute in a sustainable fashion to improving food security both regionally, domestically and internationally.

N° ISBN - 978-2-7380-1284-5 ; International audience ; Urban and periurban agricultural producers have faced many stressors – both negative ones and positive ones – particularly from the mid-20th century onwards. They have included urban development pressures, exurban development, the evolving markets for the products of these producers – food and other products, and environmental challenges stemming from farming's own technologies. More recently, these stressors have been compounded by climate change and variability. The importance of the decision processes at the local level (i.e. individual farmers and producers, local government, various community organisations, and citizens more generally) and how such decision makers adapt to the various stressors has been increasingly recognised. In relation to urban and periurban farm producers, more and more attention has been placed on the adaptive capacity of these decision makers to maintain and develop their own production systems. At the same time, there has been an increase in the environmental services that these areas are expected to perform mainly by the urban citizenry, thus reinforcing the multi-functionality of the areas concerned. In this paper, we argue that developing producers' adaptive capacity is one of the keys to contributing to alleviating food insecurity, but at the same time, the multi-functionality of these same areas provides a powerful tool with which to maintain and develop the strength of food production through having non farm actors and citizens appropriate the importance of conserving agricultural production – and therefore food production – in these same areas to contribute in a sustainable fashion to improving food security both regionally, domestically and internationally.

Ce texte porte sur le renouvellement des modèles d'action en développement des territoires en réponse à l'incapacité des politiques publiques de donner une réponse satisfaisante aux besoins et aux aspirations des citoyens et des communautés. Il explore les pistes d'un modèle alternatif au modèle néolibéral à partir de l'analyse de deux expérimentations, celles deParole d'excluEsà Montréal et de Saint-Camille, en Estrie. Ces deux expérimentations mettent en oeuvre un leadership partagé, une gouvernance inclusive et le développement de capacités réflexives basées sur le croisement de savoirs et sur la collaboration entre la recherche et l'action. À travers les expériences menées, nous voyons émerger un modèle qui met en exergue le milieu de vie et non pas la croissance, dans une perspective convergente avec celle de l'approche du bien-vivre (buen vivir).