Suchergebnisse

It is impressive the affinity between recent corporate scandals and the business network that served as a support for the authoritarian regime in Brazil. Many of the corporations involved in the recent enforcement operations have occupied central positions in financing authoritarianism in Brazil and remain at the forefront of strategic structures in the national market. Consequently, we live with a moral vacuum in relation to the rise of authoritarian dynamics, spreading the rhetoric of integrity regardless the democratic commitment. The essay aims to explore the explanatory framework on what could be Corporate Transition Justice – CTJ – as a new analytical category in the criminal sciences, from which the possibilities of attributing moral and legal responsibility for corporate complicity are discussed, improving on the sanctioning modalities and alternatives for post-conflict restoration and social reconstruction. The text is divided into nine topics: 1) generations of transitional studies; 2) authoritarianism and business networks; 3) historical and comparative perspectives; 4) corporate accountability and its influence on the concept of complicity and corporate liability; 5) contribution, causality, neutral actions; 6) sanctions system; 7) moral obligation of the private sector; 8) restorative practices in transitional settings; and 9) new possibilities for corporate victimology. We combine historical and comparative analyzes with convergences between criminological, transitional and restorative justice studies. ; Impresiona la afinidad entre los recientes escándalos corporativos y la red empresarial que sirvió de soporte al régimen autoritario en Brasil. Muchas de las corporaciones involucradas en las recientes operaciones de enforcement ocuparon posiciones centrales en la financiación del autoritarismo en Brasil y siguen a la vanguardia de estructuras estratégicas del mercado nacional. Por consiguiente, se convive con un vacío moral con relación a la ascensión de dinámicas autoritarias, difundiendo en el mercado la retórica del compromiso por la integridad siendo indiferentes del compromiso democrático. La idea de este ensayo es explorar la referencia teórica explicativa sobre lo que podría ser la Justicia de Transición Corporativa – JTC – como nueva categoría analítica en las ciencias criminales, a partir de las que se discuten las posibilidades de atribución de responsabilidad moral y jurídica por la complicidad corporativa, perfeccionando sobre las modalidades sancionatorias y alternativas de restauración y reconstrucción social postconflicto. El texto se divide en nueve tópicos: 1) las generaciones de los estudios transicionales; 2) autoritarismo y redes empresariales; 3) perspectivas histórica y comparada; 4) corporate accountability y su influencia en la concepción de la complicidad y de la responsabilidad jurídica; 5) contribución, causalidad, acciones neutrales; 6) modalidades sancionatorias; 7) obligación moral del sector privado; 8) prácticas restaurativas de configuración transicional y 9) nuevas posibilidades para la victimología corporativa. Se combinan la perspectiva histórica y comparada y convergencias entre estudios criminológicos, transicionales y de justicia restaurativa.

Part 5: Section 4: Citizens' Involvement, Citizens' Rights and ICT ; International audience ; The concept of networked public sphere [3] modifies the original Habermasian definition of public sphere by considering the dissemination of new interactive technologies that potentially allow new relations between civil society and government. The objective of this paper is to investigate the emergence of the networked public sphere based on the in-depth study of two Brazilian cities that have created conditions for their citizens to influence public policies through the use of Internet-based virtual platforms. To develop our study we adapt the method for analyzing political participation called democracy cube [13] that considers mechanisms of participation along three dimensions: a) who participates, b) how participants communicate with each other and make decisions, and c) how these decisions relate to political action and public policies. Our investigation shows that citizens of the two cities presented in this study use the virtual platform to engage in lively discussions and exchange of information as a way to propose and implement new public policies that are eventually adopted by their city governments. We conclude that, albeit at an early stage, the use of virtual platforms to share opinions on topics that citizens want to be recognized helps to mobilize public opinion and participation and influence the opinion of local public officials on policy implementations.

Resenha livro Manual de Medicina Legal- Delton Croce

Since the beginning of Jair Bolsonaro's presidential mandate, existing Brazilian environmental regulations started being rolled back to benefit a small, but powerful, Brazilian bourgeoise, the so-called "Brazilian agribusiness." The process of deregulation in Brazil (regulatory rollback) is responsible for significant environmental and social harm, which affects largely marginalized peoples and indigenous communities in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. It is also responsible for operating, and maintaining, dynamics of social inclusion and exclusion which are deepening the democratic deficit in Brazil, which is here denominated as the "mechanisms of environmental victimization." To demonstrate the Brazilian regulatory rollback the authors analyse legislative and regulatory amendments since the beginning of Jair Bolsonaro's mandate. Through this analysis, the authors seek to demonstrate how the symbiosis between state and corporate interests can promote significant social and environmental victimization.

El artículo aborda la descripción y el análisis de cambios estructurales para control y prevención de la corrupción, desde los delitos tradicionales hasta la nueva perspectiva en el ámbito empresarial. Después de un examen de los tipos penales de cohecho con sus recientes alteraciones y semejanzas con el modelo español, analiza la novedosa "ley anticorrupción" (Ley n.º 12.846/2013), que introduce nuevos mecanismos de imputación de responsabilidad a la empresa en el ámbito administrativo y civil. A pesar de poder representar avances significativos en la estrategia nacional de prevención de la corrupción, la ley de corrupción empresarial sigue demostrando poca utilidad para el sistema de sanciones y graves problemas de emlaw enforcement.