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ABSTRACT
Blockchain is a potent buzzword and a potentially transformative technology. Diverse businesses are looking to leverage this technology to reap its alleged benefits of increased efficiency, reduced costs, enhanced transparency, and improved traceability. Yet, significant confusion persists about the structure, utility, and applicability of blockchain technology. A clear understanding of what blockchain is and how it works is especially important for lawyers advising clients on the applications that use, or purport to use, it. This article aims to assist lawyers and regulators by providing conceptual clarity about what blockchain is, how it works, and its main use cases. These use cases include smart contracts, cryptoassets, and some central bank digital currencies. These applications may transform business practices, or even entire monetary and payment systems, so conceptual clarity among lawyers will only become more vital.